| As one of the basic connotations that can’t be ignored more and more in the contemporary society,risks have penetrated into human production and life in an all-round way.The rapid development of science and technology not only improves people’s living environment,but also increases the risk events brought by technology.The destruction of contemporary risks,the speed of their spread,the scope of their spread,the variety of forms,the uncontrollable patterns,the number of people involved and the loss to society are inestimable.Mankind is beginning to face the most serious risk challenge in the history of survival--modern technological risk.This is a new problem in the era brought by the globalization of economy,culture and science and technology.Since the 1950 s,technological risks have attracted wide attention and discussion from all sectors of society.Along with this heated discussion,positivist technology risk view became the earliest and most authoritative risk theory,leading for a century.However,the positivist view of technical risk also has its limitations because it overemphasizes the inevitability of risk and detracts from subjective construction factors.Under this background,some scholars in the process of technology risk concept of exploration research,discovered the importance of human construction,constructivism concept of technical risk arises at the historic moment,has gradually become the important theoretical point of view of the technical risk.Papers in the description of the constructivist view of technical risk origin and theoretical connotation at the same time,also analyzed the risk perception,risk society,risk society enlarge school and risk culture school of the main schools in the four constructivism.From the perspective of cultural background,political environment and cognition of risk subjects,they deeply study risk issues,and their derivation and evolution all explain the characteristics of constructivism.The positions of different schools of thought all reflect the importance of different aspects of constructivism technology risk view,and elucidate the process of replacing positivism with constructivism to become the main risk theory.The theory of technological risk view of constructivism,like the empirical theory,is also limited.Subjective and objective disconnection,value and fact misalignment,and governance and prevention of imbalance are three major predicaments,which have become barriers to research.In order to seek the theory of constructivism technology risk view development approach,this paper reveals the contradiction between its and positivism points and main ideas,try for three dilemmas that put forward the corresponding theoretical direction: the first is the mixture of the subjective and objective unification;The second is the combination of security and justice.The third is the coordination of prevention and governance,striving to open up a new path in the exploration of the theoretical approach. |
