| On the basis of general specimen collection and community investigation,bryophytes floristic,community classification and variation of community with moisture conditions are studied in Wulanhe Region(geographic coordinates:119°55?-120°25?E,46°03?-46°15?N)in Inner Mongolia.Main conclusions are as follows:(1)106 species(including varieties)of the bryophytes in 28 families and 58 genera were distributed in Wulanhe Region,including 13 species liverworts in 7 families and 9 genera,93 species(including varieties)mosses in 21 families and 49 genera.The dominant families are Pottiaceae(19 species)?Bryaceae(10 species)?Amblystegiac(10 species)?Hypnaceae(10 species)etc;and the dominant genus are Bryum(6 species)?Entodon(6 species)?Brachythecium(5 species)etc.The compositions of dominant families and genus reflect the climate characteristics of grassland forest transition zone in this region.(2)106 species of bryophytes in the study region belong to 10 kinds of floristic geographical elements types,and it is the more complex area of the floristic geographical elements.Among the 10 kinds of floristic geographical elements types,North Temperate elements(48.11%)?Cosmopolitan elements(19.81%)and East Asia elements(15.09%)are the main composition of the floristic geographical elements,and the composition of bryophytes in the research area shows obvious characteristics of temperate climate and East Asia.In the East Asia elements,Sino—Japan elements are the subject(13 species,12.26%),which turned out the close relations of bryophytes flora between the research area and Sino—Japan plants flora.(3)Bryophytes in the study region belong to 11 kinds of life forms,including Short turf(29.25%)?Rough mat(16.04%)?Smooth mat(14.15%)?Tall turf(14.15%);Weft(10.38%)?Thalloid mat(6.60%),Small-size appressed(3.77%)?Cushion(1.89%)?Thread mat(1.89%)?Squamous(0.94%)?Solitary thalloid(0.94%).(4)Two newly recorded species in Inner Mongolia of Physcomitrium pyriforme(Hedw.)Hamp.and Hyophila acutifolia K.Saito.were found,which produced mature sporophytes,and could be well adapt to the environment in this area.(5)In the 11 kinds of investigated habitat,he largest number of species is in Betula dahurica(53 species),the second largest number of species is in Betula platyphylla(46 species),the least number of species was in Stipa haicalensis(3 species).Bryophytes community in different terrain conditions and vegetation types could be classified into 37 types.With the improvement of microenvironment moisture conditions,synusia compositions are complex gradually,dominant synusia were Short turf synusia(dominant species:Weissia controversa?Bryum argenteum?Ceratodon purpureus?Fissidens bryoides etc)?Thalloid mat synusia(dominant species:Plagiochasma rupestre?Mannia sibirica?Reboulia hemisphaerica etc)?Smooth mat synusia(doinmant species:Entodon compressus?Entodon cornpressus var.zikaiwiensis.?Entodon luridus?Plagiomnium cuspidatum etc)?Rough mat synusia(dominant species:Amblystegium serpens?Brachythecium salebrosum?Brachythecium buchananii?Pylaisiella polyantha etc)and Cushion synusia(dominant species:Ptychomitrium sinense and Grimmia pilifera).Tall turf synusia(dominant species:Timmiella anomala?Distichium capillaceum?Oncophorus wahlenbergii?Bryum pseudotriquetrum etc),Thread mat synusia(dominant species:Haplocladium angustifolium and Pseudoleskeella tectorum),Small-size appressed synusia(dominant species:Frullania muscicola)appear as subdominant synusia in the microhabitats with higher moisture conditions.Different demand for moisture of dominant synusia is as follows:Short turf layer<Thalloid mat layer<Smooth mat layer<Rough mat layer,while,different individual size bryophytes of same life form need different moisture conditions,and result Thalloid mat synusia with the dominant species of large individual liverwort(such as Plagiochasma rupestre)and the Smooth mat synusia with dominant species of large individual moss(such as Entodon luridus)appear in the higher moisture conditions. |
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