Asseseement On Health Economic Costs Of Particulate Air Population In Nanjing City

With the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization process,air pollution is becoming an increasingly serious problem.In recent years epidemiological studies have shown that the atmospheric particulate matter is closely related to human health,which occupies a larger proportion in the total health loss caused by air pollution.Especially,with developed economy and relatively concentrated population,pollution in urban areais severe.It does great harm to human health,which can't be ignored.Atmospheric pollutants influences human health mainly in the form of long-term chronic effect,and it can fully reflect the health effects.As one of the key cities in Yangtze River Delta and the capital city of Jiangsu province,Nanjing's primary air pollutant has been PM10,according to Nanjing environment quality bulletin over the years.Especially in nanjing city,the population,economic and contaminant concentration all present obvious space difference.Therefore,assessment of health economic loss caused by PM10 in Nanjing is of great importance.It contributes to understand the main environmental costs of air pollution in Nanjing,and can provide a scientific basis for policy decision of economic development and environmental protection.Through the summary and analysis of the existing research results,the method to assess health economic loss caused by PM10 is as follows:(1)Spatial distribution of PM10 concentration.First,we should collect the annual concentration and position information of the air quality control points.Then use the statistical analysis module of Kriging interpolation to simulate concentration trend surface by ArcGIS.(2)Population spatial distribution.Considering the complexity of the study area terrain,and eliminate the interference of depopulated zone,we establish the function relation of hardening of the impervious surface and the population density.(3)Population-Weighted Exposure Level.It needs to stack the population density spatial distribution grid and the population spatial distribution grid.(4)Exposure assessment.Based on the existing research results,we choose mortality to be the end of health,include all-cause mortality,respiratory system diseases mortality and circulatory system disease mortality.On the other hand we need to ensure the corresponding exposure-response relationship.(4)Monetization.Use the modified method of human capital to calculate the economic losses of human capitaland make simple life table access to social life expectancy.Considering the regional representative of monitoring data and the availability and unity of information,we choose 2010 as the benchmark study year.Results of the health economic costs of particulate air population in Nanjing City in 2010 and the scenario analysis:(1)The total economic loss of all-cause mortality,respiratory mortality and circulatory mortality is 2.198 billion yuan,344 million yuan and 1.697 billion yuan respectively in 2010,accounting for 1.30%,0.20%and 1.00%of GDP in 2010.Change the concentration of PMio to 2011 can be have all-cause mortality,respiratory mortality and circulatory mortality economic loss of 1.848 billion yuann,287 million yuan,1.435 billion yuan,respectively 0.93%,0.17%and 0.85%of GDP in 2010.PM10 concentration for the secondary air quality standard,the Nanjing city for all-cause mortality,respiratory mortality,circulatory mortality economic losses amounted to 1.22 billion yuan,191 million yuan,943 million yuan,respectively 0.72%,0.11%and 0.56%of GDP in 2010.The economic costs of particulate air population in Nanjing City no longer be ignored.(2)The economic loss of all-cause mortality at most is Baixia district and Chaotian Palace stree,respiratory mortality and circulatory mortality at most is Gulou district and the Central street.Therefore Baixia and Gulou district are the key areas and Chaotian Palace street and the Central street are the key streets in Nanjing city for controlling PM10 pollution.Investigate its main reasons closely related to the concentration of population,pollution and the level of economic development.If PM10 concentration is higher,the more population,and the more advanced the economy,the health economic losses will be greater.(3)As the economic losses change analysis says,the spatial distribution of the change of the concentration of PM10 concentration and directly present results are not consistent.The results well validate the regional spatial difference,and the importance of considering the spatial analysis.Because of the limitations of the research results and the availability of health data,the results are uncertain,and need much further research.