| Conservation forests in nature reserves of our country play an important role in maintaining water and soil resources,maintaining water resources,maintaining ecological balance,and improving the environment.Collective forests of nature reserves belong to the collective property of community farmers,and they are the natural resources on which the forest margin communities depend.Because of the public welfare,private benefits and collective attributes of collective forests in nature reserves,the division of interests in the management and protection of collective forests is not clear,ecological rationality and economic rationality conflict,and collective rationality and individual rationality deviate from the three main issues.Predicament of Management and Protection of Collective Forest in Nature Reserves.Therefore,this paper takes the management and protection mechanism of nature reserves as the research object,and combines the history and current status of the management and protection mechanisms of collective forests in China’s nature reserves through on-site research and literature collection,and conducts government departments based on institutional analysis and development(IAD)methods.The management and protection mechanism,market mechanism and public participation mechanism are compared and analyzed.The IAP framework is used to build the public participation in the collective forest management and protection mechanism.On this basis,the management and protection mechanism of the Bai Shuijiang natural forest protection collective forest is reviewed and optimized for China.Reference for Construction of Management and Protection Mechanism of Collective Forest in Nature Reserves The main findings of this paper are as follows:First,the game equilibrium of the government-led collective forest management and protection mechanism shows that the government must control the efficiency of conservation and management and control costs at an appropriate level to ensure the effectiveness of management and protection.However,in practice,there is a vast area of natural reserves,there are few staff and management personnel,lack of timeliness,and low supervision efficiency.It is difficult to ensure the efficiency and cost of management and protection.Second,the market-led management and protection mechanism can ensure the benefits of community residents while providing ecological benefits from the market.However,there is no support for relevant laws and regulations in China,and the degree of marketization of forestry resources is weak;the country’s financial resources are limited and it cannot support large-scale government ecological purchases.Under the current conditions,the leading management and protection mechanism for collective forests in nature reserves cannot be implemented in large areas in China.Third,the public participation management mechanism is the result of repeated game of failure of the original game equilibrium state.The government has the motivation to promote the public participation management and protection mechanism.As a main body of management and protection,the community residents have achieved the unity of “power,responsibility,and profit” to meet the needs of the community residents,ensured the right to income of the community residents,and ensured the management and protection efficiency of the collective forest.Fourth,when constructing the management mechanism for public participation,attention should be paid to matching the natural attributes and community attributes of the community,and giving the community management and income rights.The government’s role function should be transformed into guidance,service,incentive,assessment and supervision.The government’s action boundary fosters common knowledge,adopts appropriate incentive mechanisms to induce internal rules,institutionalize internal rules,and respects and fosters the diversity of management and protection mechanisms. |
