Study On Carrying Capacity And Optimal Allocation Of Water And Land Resources In Huining

Water and land resources are necessary condition for human sustainable development.Since the beginning of the new century,the transformation of the world economic form,the rapid development of society and the change of the ecological environment have led to the over exploitation and utilization of water and soil resources by human beings.The utilizing way of water and land resources change.How to provide more and more population with limited water and soil resources is a major problem facing the society today.Therefore,the problem of water and soil resources carrying capacity and its optimal allocation has become the focus of many scholars.For a long time,there are many studies on the carrying capacity of soil and water resources in the academic circle,but the current research areas are mainly based on river basin or provincial and municipal administrative units,and less research on the county level.In fact,based on the grass-roots level,bottom-up governance is of great significance for improving the carrying capacity and allocation of water and soil resources.Therefore,it is a new idea to evaluate the soil and water resources carrying capacity based on the county-level units and to put forward some suggestions on optimizing the allocation of soil and water resources.Based on the above background,to study water and land resources carrying capacity and its optimal allocation in arid and semi-arid areas based on county scale,this study taking Huining as research object,establish an indices system by Entropy weight theory and matter element model,evaluation of regional agricultural water and soil resources carrying capacity combined with local production and living conditions,explore the spatial distribution characteristics of regional carrying capacity through a single evaluation index information and multiple evaluation object results based on the comprehensive analysis of the regional water and soil resources situation conditions,and put forward the idea of optimal allocation of water and land resources from the perspective of agriculture according to the bearing capacity results.The results are as follows:(1)The matching degree of water and land resources in Huining is poorHuining has vast agricultural land,great potential for land resources development,and the proportion of agricultural irrigation water is large.The regional Gini coefficient of water and soil resources matching in Huining county is G=0.6740,which is far higher than the regional Gini coefficient G=0.5664 of the matching of water and soil resources in China and the Gini coefficient G=0.5864 in the global(International)range's.Therefore,the matching degree of water and land resources in Huining is poor.(2)Water and land resources carrying capacity are regional difference in HuiningAs a whole,the water and land resources carrying capacity is poor,the main limiting factor is the amount of water resources per capita.There are differences in water and land resources carrying capacity of 28 towns in Huining,which can be divided into 3 different carrying capacity areas: water and land resources balance area,water and soil resources early warning area,water and land resources overloading area.The water and land resources balance area located in the northwest of Huining,including 8 towns,the main limiting factor for the per capita water resources;the early-warning area for water and soil resources including 12 townships,located in the central and southern part,the utilization rate of agricultural water resources and the amount of water resources per capita are the main limiting factors;The overload area includes 8 towns,located in the northeast,the main limiting factor are forest coverage,agricultural water resources utilization,agricultural water use per unit of cultivated land,water resources per capita and per unit area of agricultural economic output.(3)Put forward the idea of optimal allocation of water and soil resources in different bearing areasFor the balance area of water and land resources,to develop water-saving agriculture,create water-saving area,excavate water sources in many directions,enhance regional water supply capacity,and increase investment and output of land to improve economic efficiency relying on its superior resource advantages is a developing direction.In early warning area,we should build water source area based on active afforestation projects and strengthen the construction of water diversion project and unified management and control of water resources,on the one hand,improve the phenomenon of soil and water loss,on the other hand,improve the water recycling utilization rate.As for overloading areas,the investment in water diversion projects is invested,developing dry farming and increasing water resources management,and utilizing water price to promote efficient utilization of water resources are of great importance.