Study On Evolving Process Of Permanent Tenant System Which Based On Song Dynasty

The Permanent Tenancy is a special tenancy relationship evolved from the instability of private landowners and tenants based on the long-term operation to avoid transactions under the private ownership of feudal land and the relative concentration of land ownership: ownership and cultivation rights are separated,and the ownership structure of such land is divided.To a certain extent,the conflict between the landowner and the tenant is mitigated.Under the permanent system,the landowner obtains stable and lasting benefits and reduces the risk of income fluctuations;the actual operator of the land obtains the most important production.The data,land,stimulated the investment of the tenants in the human and material resources of the land and increased the output efficiency of the land;the land system in different periods was not the same,and the land system of various feudal dynasties was different,but the land was privatized since the Song Dynasty.Incentives for large-scale mergers of land,separation of land ownership and management rights,and creation of objective conditions for the emergence,evolution,and eventual formation of the permanent reign system,although the permanent residency system has,to a certain degree,eased the gap between landowners and tenants.Relationship,but the feudal land system hindered social progress,and eventually when the feudal system collapsed,The everlasting evolving system based on the land-building system has also reached the end of history.Some scholars use the theory of institutional economics to study the evolving process of the eternity system and study its interactive effects on the feudal system,and concluded that eternity system.From the feudal land ownership system,it will inevitably collapse with the collapse of the feudal land system;some scholars believe that under the permanent pension system,tenants actually pay less than the common tenancy system,resulting in a certain conclusion.The permanent lease system has promoted the division of labor specialization,increased land production,reduced the actual land rent paid by tenant farmers,and maintained thatthe tenant system has eased the tense relationship between landowners and tenants;At the stage,the rights relationship between our collective land ownership,farmers’ contracting rights,and land management rights has a certain reference function.Based on the relationship between collective ownership and contracting rights in the current land system,the contracting rights are proposed as quasi-ownership or use.Property rights,it is proposed that the peasants’ right to contract will be long-term and the rights of land transfer of managers can be guaranteed.Live the rural land market in China.The author believes that the The Permanent Tenancy is a separation of ownership and management rights resulting from the refinement of a specialized division of labor.In the process of separation of ownership and management rights,how to restrict the behavior of the operators to make the operators,so as to establish an efficient and orderly land circulation market and improve the land The actual business operators invest in the land to avoid the uncertainty of the transaction and to dispel the enthusiasm of investors.This paper describes the Permanent Tenancy from the following three perspectives:From perspective 1,the privatization of land and the impact of tenancy relations on the evolution of the permanent system,the large-scale privatization of land began in the Song Dynasty.The tenants had to rely on land rented by the landlords to maintain their livelihoods,and the landlords also depended on tenants to cultivate land and obtain land rent income.Land privatization and large-scale mergers have promoted further changes in tenancy relations,thus creating conditions for the emergence of a permanent system;From perspective two,the relationship between people and land provides the impetus for the evolution of the permanent system: In the developed agricultural areas represented by Jiangnan,the labor force is sufficient,and ordinary tenants are at risk of frequently changing landlords,and therefore tenants are willing to pay for the purchase of the right to permanent ownership.In order to ensure the stable cultivation rights;for the wasteland caused by the war,the population is scarce,in order to attracttenants to open up wasteland,the landlord promised that the tenant farmers can permanently cultivate the land they have cultivated in order to recruit tenants to open wasteland.Viewpoint 3.In the process of the game between the tenant farmers and the landlords and the eventual formation of a permanent system,external factors such as township cases,customs and institutional laws ensure that the evolution of the eternity system has an objective environment.Although the feudal dynasties changed,the eternity system The reason why the evolution in the developed rural areas represented by Jiangnan is continuous is that the township cases and customs restrict the behavior between the tenant farmers and landowners.