An Empirical Study On The Tourism To The Employment Of Third Industry In Shandong Province

As a country with the world’s largest population,China faces a serious employment problem,which has been a problem for the healthy development of the social economy.With the acceleration of reform and the adjustment of industrial structure,the employment volume of China’s first industry has reached the level of saturation,the reduction of cultivated land,the mechanization of production,and the transformation of people’s ideology and ideas have led to more and more young people’s labor force no longer regard the primary industry as their employment direction.The second industry employment absorption capacity is limited,with the popularity of machine instead of labor phenomenon,the second industry even become the rejection of the labor force.The third industry,due to its rapid development momentum,is becoming a major industry that leads to employment growth.The transfer of labor force from one to two industries to the tertiary industry is the inexorable trend of economic development.The tertiary industry in the United States and Europe account for more than 70 percent of the total employment,and the tertiary industry has a strong capacity to absorb the labor force.As the leading industry in the tertiary industry,tourism is a labor-intensive industry that cannot replace labor with machinery.The industry of tourism industry is highly correlated,with low employment threshold and high employment level.These unique advantages make the tourism industry better absorb the surplus labor of a country or region and play an important role in the solution of employment.As a populous province,Shandong province has a large surplus labor force,and the employment situation is grim.Solving the problem of employment is the current focus of Shandong province.As a tourist province with abundant tourism resources and cultural resources,the tourism development of Shandong province has been at the forefront of our country,and the contribution rate of tourism to the national economy continues is increasing.The development of tourism industry plays an important role in solving the employment problem and promoting the rapid economic development.Shandong province is the third largest province in terms of GDP,but the proportion of total employment in the tertiary industry is not only lower than that of the developed countries,but also lower than the national level.Relative to the existing industry scale of Shandong tourism,the overall economic benefits of tourism have not been folly developed,and there is still great potential for employment.Scholars at home and abroad are studying the impact of tourism on employment and the analysis of employment in tertiary industry,which is more theoretical,and the empirical study is more focused on the macro level,and it’s almost never from the inside of the industry to look at the impact of an industry on the employment of the entire industry.This paper makes up the deficiency of this research,and takes the development of tourism industry in Shandong province and the employment of the tertiary industry as the research object.By drawing on the domestic and foreign research results,the influence of tourism development on the employment of tertiary industry is studied from both theoretical and empirical aspects.On the basis of illustrating the background meaning of this paper and the lack of innovation,this paper first elaborates on the research on the employment effect of tourism and the employment of tertiary industry,and then briefly introduces the situation of tourism and employment of the tertiary industry in Shandong province.In terms of theory,this paper introduces the relevant indexes of the employment effect of tourism industry,and calculates the employment elasticity of the third industry and the deviation degree of tourism industry.In addition,the article also illustrates the employment demand of tourism to the third industry and the tertiary industry related to tourism employment supply,summarizes the tourism development drive of the third industry employment mechanism,and according to the results of previous studies and research content to build research hypothesis in this paper.There are two sections of empirical evidence,and the first part is the empirical study on the impact of the tourism industry in Shandong province on the overall employment effect of the third industry.This part mainly uses the co-integration theory of econometric,build the quantitative analysis of the effect of error correction model and pulse function of Shandong tourism directly the relationship between income and employment in the tertiary industry in Shandong province.The co-integration test shows that the development of tourism industry in Shandong province has a long-term positive correlation with the employment of tertiary industry.The model of error correction reflects how the deviation of the short-term employment level adjusted to the long-term equilibrium.Another part of the empirical study is to study whether the influence of different tourism development level on employment in tertiary industry is different.In this paper,Shandong province is divided into three regions,such as tourism economy developed region,tourism economy less developed region and tourism economy less developed region,which measures the driving effect of different tourism development level on the employment of tertiary industry by establishing regression model,which proves that the effect of different tourism development level on employment of tertiary industry is different.Tourism economy developed areas of the third industry employment pull function of the most significant,tourism economy underdeveloped areas of the third industry employment pull effect decreased significantly.Finally,the paper summarizes relevant conclusions based on the research results and puts forward practical Suggestions.