Private Import And Export Industry In The Process Of Socialism (1949-1956)

As an important force of Chinese foreign trade,the private export-import business was beset with internal and external troubles.On the one hand,the policy named "Trade Control" restricted businessmen at all points;on the other hand,due to the outbreak of the Korean War,the international political and economic environment significantly changed and the private export-import industry suffered hard knock.In the face of worries,merchants formed a certain number of professional groups and joint operations,but it was also"hopeless".After the movement of "five evils",joint operations also faced the embarrassing situation of continuation or abolition.When the general line of the transition period was officially announced,export-import shops were closed,consolidated or turned to other industries.The process went smoothly.The pattern of state control has also been formed.The author hopes to reproduce this historical process.The introduction of this article includes the description of the subject and literature review.The main content is divided into four parts:the first part is a brief introduction of Tianjin foreign trade history and the import and export of private industry;the second part introduces the internal and external troubles of the industry;the third part describes the preparation and operation of the professional groups and joint operations;the fourth part describes the situation of the industry in socialist transformation.The concluding part evaluates the socialist process of all industries at the beginning of the founding of the people’s Republic of china.