The Role Of Social Capital Played In Pro-Poor Tourism

The major issue of the world is about poverty.Looking back through the history,we may find that it's all about the effort to end poverty and to achieve collective prosperity.Meanwhile,the nature of socialism is to eliminate poverty and achieve common prosperity.Pro-poor tourism(PPT),a brand-new force coming in poverty-relief program,is considered as a dignified form of poverty alleviation.Social capital(SC),the missing link in development,is identified as the capital of the poor.Besides,the rural culture of China makes the role of SC in PPT cannot be ignored.Faced with the problem of PPT practice,like community differentiation,low level of the poor's tourism participation,and the lack of driving force for the poor to participate in tourism development,we need to persist in “targeted poverty alleviation”,which was proposed by President Xi,and make the SC work to prompt the positive effect of PPT.This paper chose “PPT” as the research topic,the SC as the point,the poor counties in Chongqing as the case,and the sample point is family.The analysis mainly includes:(1)summarized the characteristics of SC in the atmosphere of tourism,measured and compared the SC in different areas;(2)set regression model to analyze the role of SC in PPT,etc.We found that:(1)among the dimensions of SC,social network became the first to join in PPT in the earlier stage of tourism development,and the function can be characterized as “A waterfront pavilion gets the moonlight first”;(2)all kinds of SC were “flourishing”at certain stage;(3)the role of SC in poverty alleviation was stronger than that of physical capital(PC)in community differentiation,leading to the poor being at an advantage in the development of tourism;(4)the viewpoint that “SC is the capital of the poor” may not be valid all the time,since social network may also result in community differentiation;(5)however,other dimensions of SC can weaken the negative impact of social network to a certain degree and lead to the inclusive development;(6)the identity of“poor households” or “pinkunhu” had become a new-type of SC in China.In the end,suggestions were put forward:(1)to cultivate a family's social capital by tourism policy,like filling the gap among different social network to weaken the threshold effect of physical capital and human capital;(2)to cultivate a community's social capital,like enhancing community trust,standardizing the development of tourism and promoting the community participation;(3)to cultivate social capital accompanied with other capital,avoiding the adverse impact of buckets effect.