Study On The Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Of Scientific And Technological Enterprises

Science and technology are the foundation of national greatness,and innovation is the soul of national progress.Since 18 th CPC congress,the Party Central Committee with Chairman Xi put science and technology innovation in a new status on the development of our country.The 13 th Five-year Plan also put innovation in the first place of the five development concept.Entrepreneurship is the essence of innovation and innovation is the soul of entrepreneurship.In the 2014 summer Davos World Economic Forum,Prime Minister Li Keqiang creatively proposed the concept of "Mass entrepreneurship and innovation".With the encourage of the concept,a new round of entrepreneurial tide is sweeping the country.Under the new situation of scientific and technological innovation and entrepreneurial wave,S&T enterprises are the core enterprises of innovation and the necessary carriers of entrepreneurship.The entrepreneurial ecosystem of S&T enterpriseses good or not will affect the whole process of development and growth of S&T enterpriseses,as well as the ascension of scientific and technological innovation ability.So it is very important to focus on cultivating and building entrepreneurial ecosystem of S&T enterpriseses to promote the growth of S&T enterpriseses.It is also very significant to the construction of an innovation-oriented country.In the background of "Mass entrepreneurship and innovation",the intensive study of the entrepreneurial ecosystem of S&T enterpriseses is not only the requirement for the development of academic theory,but also the effective practical guidance to the entrepreneurial problem.In this paper,through access to a large number of literature data and field investigation,the method of system,method of comparison analysis and method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation are be used.First of all,based on the theory of "ecology" and "system theory",we analyze the theory system of entrepreneurial ecosystem of S&T enterpriseses.Secondly,through inducing the influence factors of ecological communities and the ecological environments,we select the preliminary of evaluation index,and use the method of expert advice to set up the index system and the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)to determine weights,then determine appropriate model of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.Thirdly,through the study of the case of Shanxi scientific and technological innovation city,we investigate 42 S&T entrepreneurial enterpriseses and 11 institutions in Shanxi by the method of questionnaire and depth interview on-the-spot to find out the current problem and the cause of problems in ecosystem.Finally,we put forward some corresponding countermeasures and suggestions from the perspective of ecological niche factors.Through the theoretical study of entrepreneurial ecosystem of S&T enterpriseses and case study of evaluation in Shanxi scientific and technological innovation city,the main conclusions of the research are as follow:(1)The development of S&T enterpriseses have to rely the entrepreneurial ecosystem that adapt to their growth.(2)Entrepreneurial ecosystem of S&T enterpriseses is a human social system of dynamic balance,which is made up of S&T enterpriseses and other ecological communities,as well as the ecological environment that ecological communities relies for survival and development of entrepreneurship,based on the interaction mechanism.(3)Entrepreneurial ecosystem of S&T enterpriseses has three characteristics: integal compatibility,dynamic stability,evolution relationship.It can be divided into four types according to the degree of government involvement and the degree of correlation between enterprises.(4)The development situation of Shanxi scientific and technological innovation city is not very ideal,and there is a big gap compared with good ecological system.(5)The countermeasures to optimize entrepreneurial ecosystem of S&T enterpriseses can be proposed from the angle of ecological niche factor.The possible innovation of this paper are as follow: First of all,researching S&T enterpriseses from the perspective of ecology,entrepreneurship and systematics,the selected view is relatively new;Secondly,through the visual angle of the entrepreneurial ecosystem in scientific and technological innovation city,it breaks the limitation of research object by urban or Science Park in previous research;Thirdly,countermeasures and suggestions are be proposed to optimize entrepreneurial ecosystem of S&T enterpriseses from the perspective of niche factors.The limitations of this study is the insufficient sample type number and the lack of horizontal data comparison.In the further analysis,the formation and mechanism of entrepreneurial ecosystem of S&T enterpriseses should be studied deeply,characteristics of different life cycle of business ecosystem should be explored,and the evaluation index system and evaluation model should be improved.