| In the late 20 th century,the contribution rate of scientific and technological progress to economic development is improved,and the importance of independent innovation has been continuously highlighted.If we only rely on intensive investment in traditional industrial production factors to promote total economic output,do not strengthen the independent innovation and do not pay attention to innovation efficiency,we are bound to be in a backward position in the international competition."National Medium and Long-term Outline of Science and Technology Development(2006-2020)" stated clearly that improving the ability of independent innovation should be the central link to adjust economic structure,change the economic growth mode and enhance the national competitiveness while building innovative countries should be a major future-oriented strategic choice.China's economy is in the process of transformation from element-driven to innovation-driven.It is inevitable to improve innovation efficiency and strengthen the role of innovation to enhance the core competitiveness of China.The US is recognized by economists as the world's most innovative countries,leading the world's innovation.In September 2015,the World Intellectual Property Organization(WIPO)released the Global Innovation Index Report,ranking the world's 141 countries and economies in innovation performance.The US is one of the most innovative countries in the world.This paper compares China and the US.Given that the development level of different industries vary widely,it may be biased if we measure technological innovation efficiency only based on the overall level of nation without considering the differences between the industry.Therefore,this paper chooses the high-tech industry which is characterized by high-tech and innovation,and compares the technological innovation efficiency and its influencing factors between China and America.According to two indexes of the output of technological innovation,technological innovation's efficiency is divided into the intermediate output efficiency and the final output efficiency.An Empirical Analysis of Constructing Stochastic Frontier Production Function ModelBased on Panel Data of High-tech Industry in China and America from 2005 to 2013 is carried out from the national perspective.We measured the R & D personnel and R & D capital input-output flexibility and found that:(1)China's intermediate output efficiency is higher than that of the US,but the final output efficiency is lower than that of the US.(2)The intermediate output elasticity of China's R & D personnel is higher than that of the US,but the final output elasticity is lower than that of the US.The US R & D capital's intermediate output elasticity is higher than China's,and the final output elasticity is lower than China's.This paper focuses on the impact of enterprise size,market structure,export trade and government support on the efficiency of technological innovation in the high-tech industries.The results showed that China and the US are very different: For China,firm size and government support have negative effects on the intermediate efficiency of technological innovation,and the positive effect of market structure on intermediate output efficiency is greater than that of export trade.Except government support,the impact of each index on the final output efficiency is positive.For the US,the impact of each factor on the intermediate output efficiency is negative,firm size and export trade are contributing to the final output efficiency,and the impact of market structure and government support on final output efficiency is negative.Based on the conclusion,this paper explains the causes of the differences.Some countermeasures and proposals are brought forward according to the efficiency of comparative analysis. |
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