A Study On The Employment Problem Of The Minority In Xin Jiang

The problem of employment has always been a hot point which is concerned by every country in the world.The huge population and labor resources of China provide sufficient labor force for economic development,while it also puts great pressure on employment.Compared with the whole country,the problem of employment for minorities in Xinjiang,a vulnerable group in the troop of employment,is more prominent,meanwhile it also attracts much more attention from the Nation and society.First of all,Xinjiang is located in the northwest border of China,surrounded by eight countries.So the problem of Xinjiang minority employment is associated with the stability and national security of China's border.Secondly,Xinjiang is one of the Autonomous Regions where the minorities as well as the poverty population is agglomerate.Minority employment can be used to reflect the social justice,as the premise to promote national unity.Thirdly,Xinjiang's economic development is relatively backward.There are 19 state-level poverty-stricken counties concentrated in the ethnic minorities of the three southern states in Xinjiang.Employment as the most effective way to escape poverty.Expanding the employment and re-employment of ethnic minorities in Xinjiang is the most importent work in the three southern states regions.Although under the help of 19 provinces and cities which was carried on in 2010 and a set of beneficial policies published by the center,Xinjiang's economic growth has entered an unprecedented golden time.The total employment of Xinjiang increased rapidly,minority employment has also achieved remarkable achievements.However,the employment situation of ethnic minorities is still grim,and the employed level of the minority employes is low.According to the census data in 2010,80.1% of the minority employment population is concentrated in the primary industry for a long time,and about 75.96% of the minority population live in rural areas,and structural unemployment is still prominent.The focus of the study on the employment of minority nationalities in Xinjiang is to study the problem of the employment of ethnic minorities and the transfer problem of the rural surplus labor force in Xinjiang.This paper makes an objective analysis of the present employment situation of ethnic minority population in Xinjiang by means of qualitative and quantitative combination,static and dynamic combination.And makes an empirical study on the basic employment situation of the survey sample and finds out the problems of the employment of ethnic minority population in Xinjiang.The following conclusions are drawn:(1)the results show that there is a high employment but low quality situation occurred in Xinjiang,that is,the employment quantity of minority in Xinjiang is steadily expanding year by year,but the employment population is mainly concentrated in the southern region,and the proportion of the first industry employment is too large.There are a lot of surplus labor in rural areas.(2)There is a limitation for ethnis minorityies to choose thier jobs,and the participate rate of cultivation is low,but the satisfaction for employment is relatively high,and the wish for employment is strong.The minorities hope to work in native place mainly,and they prefer to choose their profession as the government officers and in the aera of business,catering industry,service industry.(3)The minority population expand quickly,and the rapid increase of the supply of labor employment has caused tremendous pressure on social employment.The low cultural quality results in the low quality of the human resource of minorities.The whole employment of minorities in Xinjiang exist the problem of quantity surplus but low quality.Besdes,the pulling effect of Xinjiang boosting economic growth and industrial development do not make sense to the employment of minorities.At the same time,the minority population is affected by ethnic religion,language and culture,the old concept of employment,plus the relatively scarce employment opportunity,the system for the service of the employment in Xinjiang should be further improved.Aimed to the present situation and problems existing in Xinjiang minority employment,combined with the actural situation in Xinjiang,we proposed some measures and suggestions:(1)we'd better implement the positivel birth control policy,decrease the supply of labor force,improve the scientific literacy of minority's labor and enhance the quality of employment.(2)we should continue to implement the positive employment policy,vigorously develop labor-intensive industries,improve the investment structure,speed up industrial upgrading and economic development of south area of Xinjiang,encourage minority farmers to start a business,impel the rural surplus labor transfer to increase employment opportunity.(3)It is important to improve the service sysem of the employment in Xinjiang to impel the ethnic minoryties employment.