Study On The Scale Benefit Of Large Rice Growers

To be strong in China,agriculture must be strong;to be beautiful in China,the countryside must be beautiful;To be rich in China,farmers must be rich.The central one file name is "farming",over the years always emphasized the three problems about countryside,agriculture and farmers,accelerate agricultural modernization has been the major task.From the present point of view,China's small-scale farming model is widespread,extensive farmland farming makes the scarcity of agricultural resources waste serious,cultivated land quality is worrying,restricting the process of agricultural modernization.Nearly two years,the central file no.1 put forward the development of moderate scale management of agriculture,vigorously foster new type of agricultural management main body development and encourage its become the backbone of the construction of agricultural modernization.Among them,the large grain as a new type of agricultural management main body,plays an extremely important role in the construction of agricultural modernization.China is a big agricultural country,only agriculture is strong,the country can be strong,is the so-called "food security world" that is the truth.Since the 18 th National Congress,China's grain production to achieve "12 even increase",stand firm 1200 million kilograms of new steps,while looking forward to food production "thirteen plus",the National Bureau of Statistics released 2016 grain production data and pointed out that 2016 Total grain output of 1232.48 billion jin,compared with 2015 to reduce 10.4 billion jin,which also means that China's food production stopped at the "twelve even increase." Investigate its reason,this years national vigorously implement the reform of the supply side and in the turning period,the shift from the pursuit of total for the structural adjustment,the grain market-oriented reform transition affected food production.However,the price for achieving the past food "twelve even increase" is also huge,the excessive exploitation and utilization of land,water and soil pollution,such as high cost of high grain reserves run counter to the agricultural modernization.Developing the moderate scale management of agriculture,improving the land scale,increasing farmers' income,is the basic developing trend of modern agriculture in our country,also is the necessary way to realize the agricultural sustainable development.Not only in China is an agricultural country,it is a big country,to ensure everyone has the right to food is always the top priority of our country.Hubei Province as one of the 13 major food provinces,the Jianghan Plain in the total output of grain contributed the most,Xiantao City is located in the hinterland of Jianghan Plain,known as "Hubei in the treasure","Jianghan Pearl" reputation,but also the national grain production Market,and rice is China's largest varieties of rations consumption,Xiantao City in the protection of China's food security,especially the foofe rations play a very important role.Farmers as the main body of rice cultivation,their grain enthusiasm is not high,promoting the farmer's rice planting scale is a necessary way to achieve ration security.In this paper,the large rice growers inXiantao City is studied as a sample.The theoretical and empirical analysis of the moderate scale operation of 95 large rice growers is carried out.Firstly,the research background and significance of this paper are expounded,and the research at home and abroad is reviewed.Secondly,it introduces the related concepts and theoretical basis,and puts forward several research assumptions,including farmers belonging to the "rational economic man",the agricultural production factor has "scarcity",agricultural production exists "economies of scale";Then introduces the basic situation of Xiantao large rice growers,is mainly the aging structure of large rice growers,the overall education level is lower,the labor force is dominated by the family population;and the scale management of rice growers is also analyzed,concluding that the grain management income account for high proportion of household income,the scale of operation in small and medium-scale stage,most of the large rice production area is basically the same in recent years,while the grain yield gradually increased,food income has increased;Moreover,The paper analyzes the existing problems in the scale operation,points out that the large land contracting is decentralized,it is difficult to concentrate the continuous cultivation,the farmland infrastructure is weak,the impact of rice scale planting anti-risk ability,the rural financial system is imperfect,the big financing is difficult to obstruct the large-scale operation,the government welfare food policy is not targeted,it is difficult to mobilize the enthusiasm of large grain.In addition,the scale benefits of large rice growers was carry on the empirical study,using data envelopment analysis(DEA)linear programming method to measure the relative efficiency of rice production in different scale farmers.The macro-target of grain yield and the micro-objective of grain money income were evaluated and the optimal planting scale value was evaluated.Finally concluding that,the overall grain enthusiasm of large rice growers was not high,and the optimum planting scale was 60-80 acres,rice cultivation of large technical efficiency is better than the scale of efficiency,rice cultivation of large prevalence of extensive management.Finally,based on the above research conclusion,the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward: First,improve the land transfer mechanism,promote the scale of land management;the second is to increase agricultural infrastructure construction,improve agricultural comprehensive productivity;third is to stabilize agricultural prices,improve food prices Acquisition system;four is to strengthen the cultivation of new types of farmers,improve professional production capacity;five is the innovative food compensation mechanism to improve the benefits of food policy targeted;six is to improve the rural financial service system to solve the problem of financing farmers.