Research On The Optimization Of Employment Structure In The Process Of New Urbanization

The core of new urbanization is "the people-oriented urbanization".An important task of urbanization is to let the agricultural population achieve employment in the town.Employment is related to the survival and development of people,related to a country's national economy,so the problem of labor employment has been the focus of our attention.Classical economic theory shows that,the labor flow freely in the market as a factor of production,which can improve resource allocation efficiency.The structure of employment,that is,the distribution structure of labor,is an important part of economic structure.Its optimal development is closely related to the degree of economic development of a country or region.The optimization of employment structure is an important aspect of the development of new urbanization.In recent years,urbanization in China has developed rapidly.According to "National New Urbanization Report ",the total urban population in China reached 771.16 million in 2015,and the urbanization rate reached 56.1%.Although it was 1.2 percentage points higher than the world average,there still was a large gap compared with the level of developed countries.In the process of urbanization,the industrial structure and employment structure of various regions are becoming more and more rational in the direction of "western development","the rise of central China","transformation of the eastern" and "rejuvenation of the old industrial base in northeast China".But the differences in employment structure vary from region to region and it's a prevalent problem that employment structure lagged behind the industrial structure.In addition,the development of urbanization accelerates the transfer of rural labor,but there is a large gap between rural and urban in employment structure,the dual characteristics of urban and rural employment structure is obvious.To a certain extent,employment structure with existing problems,which effects the construction of harmonious society in China,but also hinders the development of China's new urbanization.In view of this,to explore the optimization of employment structure in the process of new urbanization and then put forward the relevant policies and recommendations.First of all,this article uses the method of literature analysis to elaborate the definition and basic theories involved in the paper,including: Marx's employment theory,Petty-Clark theorem,dual development model of Lewis,Chenery "standard structure" and more.Simultaneously,comb the conclusion reflecting the relationship of the development of urbanization,employment structure and industrial structure.Secondly,through the data to analyze China's optimization of employment structure in the process of new urbanization dynamically,using the coordination coefficient to analyze the deviation between the industrial structure and employment structure and explore what factors cause the deviation.Thirdly,from the two dimensions of urban and rural dual employment structure and the regional employment structure differences to analyze the problems existing in employment structure of our country.On the one hand,compare urban and rural of our country in industrial structure,employment structure and the coordination coefficient to learn the dual characteristics of urban and rural employment structure.On the other hand,compare the achievement and the level of optimization during the development stage of new urbanization from 2002 to 2014 in different regions to learn the differences of the regional employment structure.Finally,according to the quantitative data analysis shows that,in the process of new urbanization,employment and industrial structure got optimized constantly in different regions and urban and rural areas.And the coordination is also improved,which reflects the promotion of the new urbanization development to employment structure optimization.But employment and industrial structure is not perfect in different regions and urban and rural areas.Therefore,the paper put forward policies and measures from the two dimensions of urban and rural dual employment structure and the regional employment structure differences to gradually eliminate the duality of urban and rural employment structure and narrow the gap of employment structure in different regions to promote the progress of new urbanization.