Analysis On The Economical Coupling State Of Harbors In Bohai Rim Area And Its Hinterland City

Nowadays,globalization has reached a new stage of development and change,the pace of global economy and trade is in continuous adjustment along with pressure.The emerging markets,especially those in the North Africa and the Middle East slowly developed in turmoil.On March 17 th 2017,the UN security Council passed � Revolution 2344 �,reaffirmed the construction of � Silk Road Economic Belt� and � Maritime Silk Road in21 st century�proposed by China,urging all sides to provide protection,enhance cooperation,thus promote regional cooperation,intercommunication,build a human fate community to reach a win-win situation.The international consensus of �the Belt and Road Initiatives �has been further strengthened,bringing good historic opportunities and challenges to the world economy and trade,also the opening-up and development of the Bohai Rim region.Ports as the core strategic resources of port cities,playing an important role in the opening-up of the Bohai Sea region.All along,in urban planning system construction,planning and development of port is an crucial part of urban development strategy,the pulsing and flowing function of ports has a direct impact on the healthy operation of the city economy.In the forefront of the opening-up of the region,the port city,which combines water and land transportation,logistics hub,cargo warehousing,merchandise trade and other related functions in one,takes an extremely vital position in the national economy.In the process of China continuously expanding its opening-up to the outside world and the rapid development of regional economy,coastal cities relying on their location advantages have planned and built new ports one after another,in the hope of breaking the past large-port-city-oriented pattern.Therefore,how to reveal the interacting and influencing mechanism between ports and hinterland cities in the constant development and evolution of port groups has been a hot topic in the research of port city.Currently,China's scholars payed less attention to the development and evolution of regional port and its interacting state with hinterland cities,consequently they made limited contribution to the reveal of the existing problems in the process of the port city ' s development and they provided relatively insufficient theoretical data to support port planning.Based on the previous theoretical research,this paper analyzes and discusses that during the evolving process of the Bohai Rim region which spatial correlation characteristics of the port system are related to the port city'seconomy and how the result of coupling state is revealed,through the use of the unbalanced index,the offset-sharing model and the center-of-gravity trajectory analysis.First of all,after analyzing the distributing feature between the ports of Bohai Rim region and hinterland cities through the calculation results of the unbalanced index model,the results show that the port development and the urban economic construction in this region have obvious spatial correlation in general.Especially large ports like Dalian,Qingdao,Tianjin etc,have already been in the maturation stage of their development,thus have basically formed a good interacting pattern with the economic development in hinterland cities.Due to their small size and weak anti-risk ability,the small and medium-sized ports are more easily to be impacted by various uncertain factors.In the economic activities,on the one hand,generally ports and hinterland cities have frequent interaction,on the other hand,at a certain time node or at a particular stage,occasionally there will be varying degrees of port city space dislocation due to either the port or the city.Secondly,use gravity analysis model to describe the changes in the gravity center of the port and city's indicators in the past 16 years.On the whole,the gravity center of the overall size of both the port and city is basically stable within an identical area,and the fluctuation range of the gravity center is relatively small.Based on this,the paper aims to make an in-depth discussion about the cooperation-competition and coupling state between port and city in the Bohai Rim Region by using the migration-sharing model,and eventually reveal the benign interactive state and inherent influential mechanism between port and hinterland city,so that the development planning of future port city will be more targeted.Finally,according to the strategic plan of China's "the Belt and Road Initiatives" and requirements of NDRC(National Development and Reform Commission)'s issued document�Outline of the cooperative development of the Bohai rim region� the paper draws upon experience from the development of typical ports worldwide and thus make some suggestions of the development of the ports in the Bohai rim region,in the hope of providing some references to the future development in this area and contributing to the scholarly research of port-city.