The Characteristics Of The Development Of Narrative Ability And The Influence Factors Of Language In 5-6 Years Old Children

Narrative ability is a kind of out of context organized language ability,also known as extended discourse,namely children straight spoken by more than one sentence or need language skills.Their abilities of narrative research mainly from two levels of macrostructure and microstucture for research,and the currentdomestic children’s narrative ability research mainly from the structure of a single study of children’s narrative ability,and microstructure research indicator is less,it is difficult to fully reflect the young children’s grammar level,based on the related literature of childhood that narrative ability factor research focuses on the influence of external factors,few involve the internal factors of children’s language study,This study aims to investigate 5 to 6 years old children’s narrative ability characteristics from two levels of macrostructure and microstructure and the factors affecting its language.This research is divided into two studies,the fisrt study investigate the 5 to6 years old preschool children characteristics of the narrative skills,with no words picture book"the frog,where are you" as a research tool,recorded and transcribed into words.macrostructure from three dimensions:the plot lines,themes,and misadventures,microstructure analyze six indicators:the mean length of utterance(MLU),the longest five words average sentence length(MLU5),the total number of different words(NDW),the total number of words(NTW),vocabulary abundance(TTR),the number of total utterances(TU);The second study investigate oral vocabulary(receptive vocabulary,expressive vocabulary)effect on the narrative ability of the 5 to 6 years old children;The third study investigate the metalinguistic awareness of phonological awareness,morpheme awareness and syntacticawareness effect on the narrative ability of the 5 to 6 years old children.This study analyze the narrative ability of language influence factors are phonetic level’sphonological awareness,vocabulary level’s oral vocabulary,semantic level’s morpheme awareness and sentence level’s syntactic awareness.The result shows that:Combined with three experimental research,found that oral vocabulary,metali nguistic awareness and early childhood narrative ability development have close r elations.The study get the following main conclusions:(1)5 to 6 years old children’s narrative ability in the process of development.(2)The narrative ability has close ties to the macrostructure and microstruct ure,grammar ability of children’s narrative ability is stronger.(3)The gender differences in children’s narrative abilities are significant.In general,girls are better than boys.(4)Oral vocabulary has close ties to narrative ability macrostructure and can be used to predict children’s narrative ability;the phonetic awareness,morpheme awareness and syntactic awareness with close ties to the narrative ability macrostructure,the syntactic awareness can be used to predict children’s narrative ability;oral vocabulary compare with syntactic awareness,oral vocabulary is the best element to predict children’s narrative ability.Finally,the results of this study to the children’s narrative ability cultivationand development put forward some education suggestions:(1)guide children readpicture books,using correct language expression.(2)pay attention to the development of children’s grammar.(2)improve the ability of young children’s vocabulary and sentences.(4)according to the characteristics of the private narrative ability training.