| The human society evolves from barbaric stage to civilized establishment, in which the education plays a significant role. China, as an ancient civilized country has represented its long history through the documentations records and archeology discoveries. The budding period has already seen the education sparkling in Chinese civilization. Education, as a key procedure for the passing down of Chinese Civilization during the subsequent historical evolvement, still kept its vibrancy and vitality despite of going through a long period and then formed an educational scheme with Chinese characteristics. Western civilization, majorly gathering and originating in Ancient Greece, can represent us the splendid and magnificent Ancient Greek civilization as embodied in the historical documentations and the organized Greek documentations tracing back to Renaissance period. Meanwhile, education also played a very significant role during the evolution period. Either the Ancient Greek philosophers'narratives or the unearthed Ancient Greek relics can indicate how important education is for the development of Ancient Greek civilization. Hence, the educational comparison between Ancient China and Ancient Greece, despite of different studying directions, can reflect education's important function in civilization evolvement. And both Ancient China and Ancient Greece attached great importance to education. However, under the perspective of pursuing sameness and reserving differences, we can still perceive the differences between these two educational systems. This thesis is going to compare the educational schemes of Ancient China and Ancient Greece through their sameness and differences. This thesis is consists of the following four parts:Part I:General analysis of the social and cultural background of Pre-Qin's Official School System's emerging. During the period of Xia and Shang, the noble controlled the nation's politics, culture and education. Till to Western Zhou, the Rite and Music politics was implemented with the development of politics, economy and culture. The education existed under the hierarchical patriarchal clan system was strictly controlled by the officials, which contributes to the forming of a sound systematic official education system.Part II:The second part mainly analyzes the context of Ancient Greece's civil education.8-6 BC. Greek Polis gradually boomed through external trades. The destinies of citizens living in the polis were tightly connected with polis'destiny. And the polis system and sound public facilities cultivated citizens' public sense and democratic spirits. As Greece is surrounded by mountains and coasted by sea, the Ancient Greek possesses a high creativity, openness and explorative spirits at the aspects of religion, Olympics and Arts etc. The evolvement of civilization cannot be separated from human beings as an essential carrier for passing down and development, so does the Ancient Greece. Through the elaborate analysis on Ancient Greek educational system, we understand that Ancient Greek flourish has its source of origin, in which education functions to a great extent. The Ancient Greek Polis'political and economic life cannot sustain without the development and heritage of education.Part III:General analysis of the system, content and characteristics of Pre-Qin's official school education and Ancient Greek's civil education. Regarding the Pre-Qin's official education system, education was controlled by the officials, which led to the result that only the noble's children had the access to education and the officials at all level were educators. The core education contents were Six Classics, which indicated the characteristics of'Integration of politics and education','Integration of officials and teachers' and'learning in the feudal official'. The Sparta and Athens'civil education represented Ancient Greek's typical education. Because of the political and cultural differences among different cities and states, Sparta and Athens' civil education had some salient differences, but their common aim was at cultivating qualified citizens.Part ?:Summary of sameness and differences of Pre-Qin's official education system and Ancient Greek's civil education through illustrations of administrator, educator, education receiver, education content and education target. Pre-Qin's official education had sharp differences with Ancient Greek's civil education at aspect of education content, educator, etc. For example, the Late Western Zhou Dynasty emphasized the rites and musical education, while Ancient Greek laid emphasis on physical and artistic education, etc. However, they shared some sameness. For example, both of them emphasized the training of combat skills; the educators during both Pre-Qin and Sparta period had the social status to some degree. Besides, official education and civil education possessed connecting characteristics of education in ancient society, such as the administration dominated by officials, education receivers with special identities, education aimed at serving politics, securing the slave owners' benefits and consolidating their governance. |
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