The Concept Of Error And Its Causes In High School Students' Probability Learning

Progress of probability relative to the content of the other high school mathematics is slow, which makes the education research lag right behind the teaching of probability. There are many problems in students’ study of the probability in high school. Through the test of the misconceptions and the reasons in probability learning of high school students, the study seeks to promote teaching strategies of the probability learning of high school students effectively, and provide certain reference basis of the revision of the teaching materials and teachers’ teaching of the probability.This article mainly studies the misconceptions and the reasons in the junior high schools after the probability knowledge in mathematics 3 haves been learned. Through the literature analysis, classroom observations, and the teacher’s advice, study finds out the misconceptions in students, writes questionnaire reference to teaching materials, chooses three different level class-science and liberal arts students in one high school as samples, and analyzes the causes of misconceptions according to the survey statistics and interviews with students and classroom teachers.The results of the study says that senior high school students have eight kinds of misconceptions in probability study:(1) When understanding random event and its probability, they may confuse the frequency and probability;(2) When understanding the classical subscheme, they easily appear possibilities prejudice, distinguish the basic events, and understand the probability formula wrongly from this three aspects;(3) When understanding the geometry model, they may have the possibilities prejudice about basic events such as possibility mistakes easily, and make the misconception between the geometric subscheme whose probability is 0 and the impossibility;(4) When understanding the mutually exclusive events, they easily confuse between mutually exclusive events and complementary events, mistake the error formula of mutually exclusive events in two aspects;Among them, the confusion between the frequency and probability,possibility prejudice, the confusion between events whose probability is 0 and the impossible events, and the confusion between mutually exclusive events and complementary events are the four more serious mistakes. Research also analyzes the reasons of these misconceptions. The most common reasons are the fuzzy definition, and the using of their own life experience,to ignore the mathematical methods when solving the problems.Based on the research conclusion above, this article puts forward some Suggestions about the teaching of the probability on "mathematics 3".