An Analysis Of The Universality And Particularity Of Contract Theory

The origin of the Contractarianism can be traced back to ancient Greece and continues to this day.This huge time span has caused its researchers to face the difficulty of not being able to see it as a completely unanimous whole,or to separate its continuity.Most of our research is based on a specific theory,which is very necessary,but it is difficult to reflect the continuity of this theory.We need to comment on the Contractarianism as a whole.In different historical periods,Contractarianism has different theoretical objectives.In the Middle Ages,Contractarianism was used as an explanation of the source of political power.In modern times,the theory of Contractarianism was enriched and perfected.It was used to explain the formation and maintenance of the entire human society.It also explored what kind of contract is reasonable.After the rise of Utilitarianism,it was once neglected until Rawls re-introduced Contractarianism.At this time,the contract was clearly set to be hypothetical and ideal.Although the goals of Contractarianism theory have changed,its basic structure has remained basically stable for centuries,and all contractual doctrines share the same theoretical characteristics.Their discussion begins with the pre-contract state.The core of the discussion lies in why the contract is reasonable,and the theory of the contractor is always closely related to their environment of the times.This structure makes different contract theories look very similar,but to each point of view,the opinions of different contractors are often dissimilar.If the contract theory is reasonable,then it should have a universality.Different contract theories also give different explanations for the rationality of the theory,but none of the explanations can completely satisfy us.The particularity of Contractarianism is that it is always historical and therefore always special.Although the change of contract theory makes it increasingly more universal and abstract,it is still limited to the era of contractarians.Contractarianism has both universality and particularity,it also has the characteristics of universalism and historicism.Considering a contractarian by itself,his theory contains both arguments,although he may not have made a clear distinction so that some of the arguments seem to be contradictory.No theory can adapt to all special situations in the real world while possessing unconditional universality.The same applies to the Contractarianism.It seeks a balance between the two.We can find a method of Contractarianism,which treats contract theory as a dynamic theory.In fact,contract does not refer to something in the past,but refers to the future,and it constantly changes according to the present.The Contractarianism as a method does not have a specific contract.Based on the current special historical situation,we can derive the original position,from which we can find out what kind of contract is needed.This means that contracts need to be set up repeatedly.As a method,the state of nature set by each Contractarianism and the contract itself are not unique.This is a process that may not need to have a definitive destination,but it can reveal the problems we face and bring the explorations that we are trying to solve into a new situation.As a ideology of Contractarianism out of date,but not as a method of Contractarianism.In fact,judging from the centuries-old development that this theory has undergone,it has been used as a method,and it is still possible to move forward.