Filial Piety After 90 And Its Influencing Factors

Focus group interview is a kind of new research methodology in psychology.This study attempts to explore the application of the methodology. There are a few previous studies investigating the filial piety. However, the implication of filial piety have been evolving with the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization.The filial piety among the generation after 90s has an effect on family happiness and social stability especially in the context of the implementing of one-child policy, the aging of population and increasing of social competition. The current study uses the focus group method to investigate that (1) what the attitude of filial piety is among the generation after 90s, (2) which factors affect the formation of the 90s' filial piety, (3)what influence the filial piety has on the 90s.The research process was composed of four sections:Section 1, Preparation: designed the outline of focus group interview, compiled the informed consent and information sheet of interviewee, used intensive sampling and random sampling strategies on the principle of purposeful sampling, 20 youths born in 90s were screened as the participants of the focus group interview.Section 2, Data acquisition: considering the participants' gender, region, family factors such as the number of brothers and sisters and so on, 20 interviewee were assigned into 3 groups. Researcher began data collection on the scene with an identity of insider man. The focus group interview were conducted 3 times, and the text from audio transcription accumulated more than 70,000 words.Section 3, Data processing and analysis: the collected interview data were encoded layer by layer according to the analytical procedure of grounded theory. The procedure of encoding and analyzing was completed by the qualitative analysis software Nvivo 11.183 primary nodes were generated by open coding and then were classified into 20 secondary nodes by axial coding. Through selective coding, the 20 secondary nodes were categorized into 5 tertiary nodes and 3 core categories (i.e., the 90s' attitude of filial piety, the formation of the 90s' filial piety, the influence of filial piety on the 90s) were selected in final.Section 4, Validity test of results: respondent validation and non-respondent validation were adopted to test the research results,and the scoring system is 5-level.Describable validity, interpretive validity and generalized validity were 4.62,4.23 and 4.08, respectively. However, evaluative validity (3.81) was relatively low. The feedback and suggestion from verifiers were finally integrated into the results.Finally, the following conclusions are drawn from this study:(1) There are two distinct attitudes of filial piety among the 90s: one is that "filial piety is love" from the perspective of parent-child affection. The attitude of filial piety is spontaneous inherently,in line with traditional filial piety; other is that "filial piety is compromise" from the point of view of social regulation. This type of filial piety is considered as more forceful.(2) Compared with traditional ethic filial piety, the filial piety among 90s shows the characteristics of exchange,autonomy,contingency and limitation.(3) The formation of 90s' filial piety is a synthetic result of multiple factors,including individual, family (parent), school and social factors. The giving from family (parent) and individual ability have larger effects among the four factors, but social factor produces a negative impact.(4) The dilemma of filial piety is caused by the conflict between the values of filial piety and personal values that the 90s pursue, such as intention conflict and effort-reward imbalance.(5) The 5 kind of methods that the 90s use to cope with the dilemma of filial piety are selfish, compromised, balanced, ideal and do-nothing, respectively. The ideal situation is a kind of new developing strategy the 90s proposed from the perspective of parent-child relationship, which is rather a reconstruction of parent-child relationship. Parent and child should both come out of filial piety and live by themselves.