Application Of Anti-fatigue Compound Essential Oil And Its Mechanism Research

ObjectiveFatigue is the most important,common and often neglected problem in the working group.However,long term fatigue is the prelude to the occurrence of many physical and mental diseases,and the chronic fatigue syndrome and even sudden death will occur seriously.At present,there is no complete intervention for fatigue,mainly with energy supplement.Therefore,it is of great significance and broad prospects for the research and development of the field of anti fatigue essential oil in the face of the widely needed population.Literature research combs the history of Chinese and foreign aromatherapy,and explores the advantages,interconnections and development prospects of aromatherapy at home and abroad.The first clinical study aimed to investige prevalence of TCM constitutionand distributionof mental fatigue among medical students,andto explore the risk factors of mental fatigue on TCM Constitution and gender.The objective of the second clinical study was to determine the effectiveness of a mixture of essential oils on mental exhaustionusing a personal inhaler.Clinical research three explored the intervention effects of compound essential oils on qi depression,Qi deficiency,yin deficiency and phlegm dampness.In the experimental researches,established the model of mental fatigue and physical fatigue in rats,evaluated the efficacy of essential oil mixture from the animal behaviors,and studied biological mechanisms and pharmacological mechanism of essential oil mixture from the energy supply mechanism,metabolic mechanism,oxidative stress mechanism and the signal transduction mechanism of dopamine receptor.MethodLiterature Research:By combing the history of aromatherapy at home and abroad,comparing the origin and theoretical basis of aromatherapy at home and abroad,as well as the types,dosage forms and use of aromatherapy drugs,this paper discusses the respective advantages,interconnections and development prospects of aromatherapy at home and abroad.Clinical Study:The first study employed a cross-sectional survey of 650 medical students(overall response rate,603/650[92.77%])in the spring of 2017.The survey included the Maslach Burnout Inventory(MBI),the Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire(CCMQ)assessment tools,as well as the demographic characteristics,other diseases,etc.The chi-square test,ordinal logistic regression were used in this study.The second clinical study was a randomized,controlled,double-blind pilot study.Data were collected 1 time a day for 2 weeks.The first week was baseline for both groups,the second week was intervention(aromatherapy or placebo).Clinical study three collected the scores of qi depression,Qi deficiency,yin deficiency and phlegm and phlegm quality in the two weeks of psychological fatigue questionnaire before and after the intervention of essential oil,and compared the changes of psychological fatigue before and after the intervention to explore the difference between the effect of compound essential oil on the intervention effect of various dangerous physical fatigue.Animal Research:A rat model of mental fatigue was established by small platform with water environment,and divided into EOM group,PEO group,Fatigue group and Control group.EOM group,PEO group,Fatigue group were sprinkled with EOM,PEO and distilled water at five p.m.daily for three days.Three days later,the general conditions of the rats(gods,hair,etc.)were observed,and behavioral experiments(open field experiments and elevated cross maze experiments)were carried out.At last,the hippocampus and hypothalamus were extracted and the expression of D1R and D2R in brain tissue was measured by Western Blot.The physical fatigue model of rats was established by the method of exhausted swimming.It was also divided into the EOM group,PEO group,Fatigue group and the control group.EOM group,PEO group,Fatigue group were sprinkled with EOM,PEO and distilled water at five p.m.daily for three days.Three days later,observed the general condition of the rats(air and hair),tested weight-bearing swimming time,and detected the level of serum lactic acid,urea nitrogen,glucose,malondialdehyde,superoxide dismutase,glutathione peroxidase,evaluating the anti fatigue effect of EOM.ResultsLiterature Research:In the bud stage of "aromatherapy" in China and foreign countries,"aromatherapy" at home and abroad is only used as a custom and experience of medicine;medicine and philosophy have provided a theoretical basis for the germination of"aromatherapy" in China and foreign countries.Aromatherapy of traditional Chinese medicine is scattered in medical books,and the aromatherapy of Western medicine is widely recorded in the book of beauty and health care.In the development and maturity stage of traditional Chinese medicine "aromatherapy",more and more kinds of aromatherapy drugs are used in ancient China,then the use of aromatherapy drugs is more diverse,the dosage forms of aromatherapy drugs are more abundant,and the theory of aromatherapy therapy is becoming more and more complete;the development and maturity of "aromatherapy" in western medicine is in the mature stage.It has gone through the replacement of plant raw materials from the extraction of essential oil to the chemical synthetic essential oil instead of the essential oil from the plant,and then the essential oil from the plant to get the recovery stage again.Clinical Study:3.15%,32.00%of students in study were suffering from severe,moderate levels of burnout,respectively.69.49%of the participants had unbalanced constitutions.higher qi-depression,qi-deficiency,yin-deficiency and plegm-dampness scores were risk factors of burnout,while gentleness constitution was a protection factor against burnout.The differences in the percentages of each constitution type between genders in the mild burnout group were statistically significant(?2=35.95,P=0.000).However,they were not significant in the moderate and severe burnout groups(P=0.071,P=0.461).In the second clinical study,while all groups had a reduction in perception of mental fatigue,the essential oil mixture group had a much greater reduction.The clinical study three showed that the scores of psychological fatigue in all groups were decreased compared to the week before the intervention of essential oil,but the decrease in qi depression group and phlegm dampness group was significant(P<0.01 and P<0.05 respectively).Animal Research:In behavioral experiments,compared with the control group,the entry times of the open arm decreased,however the total number of lattices and the time of modification increased significantly.Compared with the fatigue group,the open arm entry number ratio,open arm entry time and modified time increased,while the total cross number and the central residence time significantly reduced.In the Western Blot,the level of D1R in the hippocampus and hypothalamus on the fatigue group were significantly lower than that of the other three groups,while the level of D2R was significantly higher than that of the other three groups.There was no significant difference in the level of D1R between the EOM group and the control group in the hippocampus.But the level of D2R in the hypothalamus of the EOM group was significantly lower than that in the control group.ConclusionsWestern aromatherapy has a certain degree of correlation with TCM fumigation therapy in many aspects,such as the theoretical origin,the use process and so on.Chinese medicine fumigation therapy can absorb the advantages of Western aromatherapy,and can play a greater role:first in the dosage form,preparation of traditional Chinese medicine essential oil to improve the curative effect;the second part of volatile aromatic herbs in the process of decocting,it is unavoidable to lose the aroma and influence the curative effect,the essential oil can fill this defect.Western aromatherapy can be combined with the theory of Zang Fu organs,meridians and acupoints,and it can produce better results in combination with TCM external treatment.Clinical studies found that students with qi-depression,qi-deficiency,yin-deficiency and plegm-dampness constitution types had a greater likelihood of burnout during medical school.Gender might influence the susceptibility of mild burnout,but not the moderate or severe burnout.The second clinical studies found that inhaling essential oils may reduce the perceived level of mental fatigue/burnout.Clinical study three showed that compound essential oil had the best effect on the mental fatigue of qi stagnation and phlegm dampness.In animal studies,the rats in the fatigue group decreased significantly in adaptability,excitability and physical strength than those in the control group.EOM could relieve the mental fatigue state of rats in terms of adaptability,anti-anxiety,excitability and physical strength.Molecular biology experiments showed that the mechanism of mental fatigue may be related to the level of D1R and D2R in hippocampus and hypothalamus.EOM could alleviate mental fatigue by enhancing the level of DIR and decreasing the level of D2R in hippocampus and hypothalamus.Nasal inhalation of EOM could also relieve exercise induced physical fatigue effectively,and its mechanism may be related to reducing consumption of energy,lowering accumulation of metabolites and enhancing antioxidant activity in vivo.