| ObjectiveThrough statistical analysis of the results of the laboratory detection of viral diarrhea(under 5-year-old children)from July 2015 to June 2016 in sentinel surveillance hospitals of Xining,a preliminary understanding of the detected condition of rotavirus,norovirus,astrovirus,sapovirus and enteric adenovirus and the distribution of the 5 viruses above in different gender?age and season could be got.Then the next is to classify the G/P genotype for the positive cases of rotavirus.Finally the research is expected to provide reference for the prevention and control of viral diarrhea of under 5-year-old children in Xining.MethodThe Qinghai Women's and Children's Hospital(the sole children's hospital in Qinghai province)and Red Cross Hospital of Qinghai Province were selected as the sentinel surveillance hospitals.Under 5-year-old children with viral diarrhea who were diagnosed in the two hospitals from July 2015 to June 2016 were surveyed to collect basic data,the onset time and the stool specimens.The specimens were diluted to 10%and stored.Firstly,using the enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay(ELISA)in the laboratory to detect and confirm whether positive rotavirus(RV)were existed then using the nested PCR to classify the G/P genotype for the positive cases of rotavirus.Apply the multiplex PCR to detect the common specimens to find whether rotavirus(RV),norovirus(NV),astrovirus(AstV),sapovirus(SaV),enteric adenovirus(EAdV)are positive.All the detected results and the basic data were recorded in SPSS to calculate the positive rates of the 5 viruses.The distribution of the 5 viruses in different sexes and ages was analyzed by chi-square test,and the seasonal distribution of the positive cases of 5 viruses was analyzed by the circular distribution method.Result1.Cases of demographic characteristics:there was 197 male cases(49.25%)and 203 female cases(50.75%)in the total 400 cases of diarrhea;0-year-old group had 140 cases accounting for 35%,1-year-old group had 115 cases accounting for 28.75%,2-year-old group had 83 cases accounting for 20.75%,3-year-old group had 48 cases accounting for 12%,4?5-year-old group had 14 cases accounting for 3.50%.The first quarter had 113 cases accounting for 28.25%,the second quarter had 83 cases accounting for 20.75%,the third quarter had 116 cases accounting for 29.00%and the last quarter had 88 cases accounting for 22.00%.2.The condition of diarrhea virus detection:in the 400 stool specimens of diarrhea,the positive rate of rotavirus(RV),norovirus(NV),astrovirus(AstV),sapovirus(SaV)and enteric adenovirus(EAdV)was 32.50%?9.50%?0.50%?2%and 1.00%.There was at least one viral nucleic acid in 187,including 182 positive cases of single virus nucleic acid and 5 positive cases of double virus nucleic acid.The positive rate of rotavirus nucleic acid was the highest(32.50%).3.The positive rate of 5 viruses in different sex:Chi-square test results showed that there were no statistical differences.Rotavirus(RV):?~2=0.187,P=0.665;norovirus(NV):?~2=0.004,P=0.949;sapovirus(SaV):?~2=0.004,P=0.949.Fisher's exact probability method results showed that astrovirus(AstV)and enteric adenovirus(EAdV)had the same P(1.000).4.The positive rate of 5 viruses in different ages:there was significant statistical difference;in the positive rate of rotavirus(RV):0-year-old group had statistical difference with 1-year-old group and 2-year-old group respectively(P=0.000),1-year-old group and 2-year-old group had statistical difference with 3-year-old group and 4?5-year-old group respectively(P=0.000);in the positive rate of norovirus(NV):0-year-old group had statistical difference with 1-year-old group(P=0.003),and 0-year-old group?1-year-old group?2-year-old group and 3-year-old group all had statistical difference with 4?5-year-old group(P=0.000).5.The distribution of positive cases of 5 viruses in different seasons:using circular distribution method to analysis positive cases of 5 viruses in different months by Excel software.The peak detection number of positive rotavirus(RV)cases was about November 3rd 2015,namely in autumn and winter;the peak detection numbber of positive sapovirus(SaV)cases was about March 3rd,2016,namely in spring and summer.The positive cases of norovirus(NV),astrovirus(AstV)and enteric adenovirus(EAdV)didn't have peak number in different seasons.6.The G/P genotype of group A rotavirus:there were 130 positive cases of rotavirus(RV)detected by ELISA from 400 stool specimens of patients with diarrhea.Using the nested PCR to classify the G/P genotype for the positive cases of rotavirus,there were 54 cases with no genotype,accounting for 41.54%(54/130)and 76 cases with genotype,accounting for 58.46%(76/130),45 cases of G3 genotype of VP7,accounting for 59.21%(45/76),31 cases of G9 genotype of VP7,accounting for 40.79%(31/76).Then to classify the P genotype in the realm of clear G genotype,there were 73 cases of VP4 genotype,including 48 cases with P[8]genotype accounting for 65.75%?14 cases with P[6]genotype accounting for 19.18%and 11 cases with P[9]genotype accounting for 15.07%.The most epidemic G/P genotype combination was G3P[8],accounting for 45.21%(33/73)in the VP4 genotype.The proportion of G3 genotype and P[8]genotype in the positive cases of rotavirus(RV)was 34.62%(45/130)and 36.92%(48/130)respectively.ConclusionThe positive rate of rotavirus(RV)was the highest in the detection of 5 diarrhea viruses in Xining sentinel hospitals from July 2015 to June 2016,there was no statistical difference in positive rate of different sex among 5 viruses;the rotavirus(RV)mainly affected the 1-year-old group of children and occurred in autumn and winter,and sapovirus(SaV)mainly occurred in summer and autumn;the epidemic G genotype of rotavirus(RV)was G3 genotype,and G9 genotype reported in recent years was gradually becoming the local epidemic genotype.P genotype included P[8]genotype?P[6]genotype and P[9]genotype,and the P[8]genotype was the main genotype.The most epidemic combination of G/P genotype was G3P[8]genotype. |
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