| Aedes albopictus belongg to Long-horned suborder mosquitoes aedes genera..They are very aggressive and can feed on human bloods.Most of the blood feeding occurs within two hours approximately on sunrise or sunset.Ae.albopictus has a close relationship with humans.Ae.albopictus is widely distributed in China.The north border of distribution in China extends from Shenyang to Tibet via Hebei Xuanhua,Hancheng,Tongchuan,Longxian,Baoji,Yangpingguan,Ya'an,Jiulong,Yanbian,and then westwards Chayu,Motuo in south Tibet.Globally,Ae.albopictus has spread from the tropical and subtropical areas in Southeast Asia to over 70 countries in North America,South America,Oceania,Europe and Africa,and serves as an important vector for many infectious diseases including dengue fever,Zika,Chikungunya fever and Yellow fever.With the global environment changing,the lifespan,the fertility,the blood feeding rate and the geographic distribution of mosquitoes are also changing correspondingly,which make a significant influence on the spread of related diseases.Temperature change is the key factor influencing the fluctuation of Ae.albopictus population.Under extreme cold temperatures,the cold-tolerance ability plays critical role for the survival of the population and determines the fertility,spread of the population and the next thrive.Age-specified life table,based on the development stage of the insects,systematically trace the number of death individual,death cause and number of offspring for each development stage or each age group.Using age-specified life table,the key factors influencing the population fluctuation can be identified,thus to predict population trend and build prediction algorithm models.The relationships between ambient temperatures and Ae.albopictus survival rate,egg production and development rate were studied in this study,expounding the expected lifespan,egg production and hatching rate of Ae.albopictus under different temperatures.And the population fluctuation and the spread trend can be predicted.The contents of the study include:1.The survival time of Ae.albopictus under the ambient temperature of 11?,16?,21?,26?,31? and 36?;2.The egg production of Ae.albopictus under the ambient temperature of 11?,16?,21?,26?,31? and 36?;3.The development rate of Ae.albopictus under the ambient temperature of 11?,16?,21?,26?,31? and 36?.The survival time,number of egg production and the development rate increased and then went down as the temperature went from 11? to 36?.Ae.albopictus survived the shortest time under the ambient temperature 11?,and no blood feeding and no mating activity.Ae.albopictus survived the longest time(49.82±17.83 d)under the ambient temperature 16?,some of them lived for 80 days.The egg production was 22.88 eggs per day,and no eggs hatched.The survival time decreased at temperature 21?,but egg productions increased to 427.6 per day,43%of them were able to hatch.The survival time increased to 37.1 days under the temperature of 26?,and the egg production reached maximum,815.9 eggs per day,with hatching rate,when the temperature reach 31?,Ae.albopictus survived shortest time under the temperature of 36?,and all the mosquitoes died within 20 days,and produced a few eggs with 20%hatching rate.Female mosquitoes significantly survived longer than males under all the temperature groups(F=37.261,P<0.05).The survival rates for females were also higher than males,especially under the temperature of 11? and 26?,Interactions between sex and temperatures were also identified in this study(F=2.772,P=0.017).The study investigated the survival ability and fertility of Ae.albopictus under different ambient temperatures,revealing the high temperature tolerance of the mosquitoes.Thus,it can provide reference for prediction of the population spread of Ae.albopictus both in China and all over the world,and also data support for estimation of disease risks of dengue fever,Zika,Chikungunya fever and Yellow fever. |
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