Research On Safety Assessment Of Major Hazard Sources In Petrochemical Enterprises Based On Extension Analytic Hierarchy Process

There are a large number of hazardous chemicals in the course of production and operation of petrochemical enterprises,thus constituting a major hazard source and curbing the high incidence of accidents is the primary task under the current environmental trend.With the continuous expansion of petrochemical industry capacity,it has more complex facilities and equipment and more advanced production technology.Therefore,scientific and reasonable safety assessment not only provides guarantee and guidance to the normal production of enterprises,but also has great significance to social stability.At home and abroad,the research on major hazard sources has been carried out for more than 40 years.There are relevant guidance documents for the influence factors,the consequences and the classification of the grade.Our country has also issued special standards for major hazards,aiming to identify and control major hazards by means of technology and management.For the actual safety situation after control,whether we need further improvement and enhancement is the problem we need to pay close attention to in engineering practice,and it is also the research direction of this paper.According to the accident chain theory,track cross theory,the accidental release of energy theory,the causes of accidents are attributed to the unsafe behavior of human beings,the unsafe condition of the material and the mutual influence of the surrounding environment and the continued influence on the spread caused by the three factors.According to China’s former Ministry of Labor promulgated a flammable,explosive,toxic major hazard assessment model,this paper refers to the idea of this model,the risk assessment of major dangerous sources defined in the "inherent danger" and"dangerous offset factors" in consider.Through the comparative study of several evaluation methods,the extension level analysis method combining extenics and chromatography analysis,which is established to evaluate the safety level of major hazard sources in petrochemical enterprises.Through the summary and analysis of the characteristics of accidents in petrochemical enterprises and the impact of the safety precaution system,the inherent risks of major dangerous sources in petrochemical enterprises are considered in terms of material properties,process characteristics,personnel operations and accident consequences.Besides,the risk elimination factors In accordance with the fire facilities,safety distance,process protection,the surrounding environment and safety management considerations.With the advantage of extenics theory to solve the problem of contradiction,this paper constructs a multi-level extension evaluation model and establishes a safety assessment system of major hazards of petrochemical enterprises,which is composed of 7 first-level indicators and 23 second-level indicators.Hazard source safety level is divided into four levels for systematic safety assessment.And based on the relevant information and expert experience,each factor is classified and defined to determine the evaluation criteria of each index.Taking the southern Tianjin petrochemical enterprise as an example,according to the actual situation of enterprises,the overall safety assessment of major hazard installations is carried out.Based on the extension hierarchy analysis method to get the overall security level of major dangerous source of the enterprise,which is to provide guidance and reference for the direction of major hazard control work of enterprises in the future.