| It is well known that papermaking is one of the four great inventions of our country. Since the Western Han Dynasty, the various regions leave and save a lot of paper artifacts legacy. These paper relics record different history and development of production, life, politics, economy, culture, transportation, art, science, military and social activities which is extremely valuable cultural heritage.For a long time, the main raw material of ancient China is bamboo and mulberry bark. And the paper itself is relatively fragile. Ancient calligraphy paper is susceptible to be bitten by insects and deteriorated when placed in humid and hot circumstance. In addition, paper was broken when encountered flooded and broiled smoke. The changes of external circumstance bring great effect to the preservation of paper relics which can prolong the longevity of paper.Paper artifacts are vulnerable to be influenced by external environment due to the characteristics of the material. Endogenous and exogenous factors lead that cellulosic materials alter variously, which result in the deterioration, fast aging, weak durability of paper to reduce its life.Lately, a worker let unhistorical very sad incident occurred. A number of paper collections were damaged by accident in a domestic unit of precious paintings which made all antiquarians distressed. The exquisite paintings become dilapidated. There are lots of artifacts of calligraphy paintings that is high value of the collection. How to repair these paintings and make damage minimized is an urgent problem. For these damaged paintings problems, this paper carried out the works of several as follow:1. The detailed testing and analysis of main diseases of damaged paintings. The results showed that main reason why these artifacts were damaged severely is that those paper contacted and strong alkaline substances such as sodium hydroxide. So these materials were corroded, resulting in a paper deterioration, damaged.2. Based on reasons of the batch of damaged paintings, we carry out experiments to explore the impact of corrosion on the base paper properties. The results showed strong alkaline substances will not only corrode the paper, make it happen alkaline degradation, decreased strength, durability and cause paper to decrease, compared with ordinary paper more difficult collection and preservation.3. After a number of experiments, we finally selected LC reagent serve as reinforcing agents of batch damaged paintings. The reinforcing agent can neutralize corrosion paper alkaline substances and effectively lowering the pH of the paper. Then, the damaged parts of the paper presented a weak alkaline or neutral. The formation of precipitation was formed in the consolidation process. The micro-precipitation of cellulosic paper, hemicellulose or hydroxy carbonyl group forms a chelate ring. The chelated ring make alkaline hydrolysis of cellulose, peeling, alkaline oxidation, acid hydrolysis reaction occurs hardly, which play a paper reinforcement and protection and effectively restore the strength of the paper to improve the durability of the paper. Thus, this way ensures that the following mounting repair work carry out smoothly.4. Reinforcement of part damaged paintings. It was found that the pH values of reinforced paintings decrease sharply, the paper fibers recover to its original toughness, which greatly improve the strength of the paper. This makes the subsequent traditional steps carried out smoothly, so that the original dilapidated paper relics shown well once more. The paper calligraphy can be inherited in the world and people can enjoy and collect these treasures. |
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