Intestinal Microecology Study Of Scorpion, Wolf And Domestic Dog Based On 16S RDNA

Among the existing six canids,wolves and dholes are most common in China.They are animals under state protection.The gray Wolf is Canis lupus,and dhole is Cuon alpinus.Studies have shown that the gut of animals has a close relationship with the gut microbes and the gut microbes play an important role in signal transduction and energy metabolism and immunity.The gut micro ecology research has become a popular topic in science.In recent years,with the development of molecular biological technology and high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics,the structure of intestinal micro ecology has been clear by now.Prior researches have reported the intestinal micro ecology of Wolf and dhole by the traditional methods.The technology are too limited to reveal its internal structure accurately.However,there were no reports on micro ecology study of these two kinds of canine using nextgeneration high-throughput sequencing techniques.In the present study,our purpose was to revealing the intestinal micro ecology of wolf and dhole through second generation sequencing(Illumina high-throughput sequencing).We respectively collected 15 samples from Inner Mongolia and Jiangxi,China: eight Wolves,four domestic dogs and three dholes.We got more than 850,000 of non-chimeric bacterial 16 S rDNA sequence through the intestinal flora metagenomic 16 S rDNA sequence fragments.With 97% similarity,we divided the sequences into a sum of OTUs.We compared all sequence databases with a database of the bacterial species.The result showed that canine intestinal flora had rich diversity: 6 phylum,6 class,17 order,27 family and 53 genus in Wolf's flora structure;11 phylum,22 class,36 order,72 family and 142 genus in domestic dog's flora structure;16 phylum,26 class,61 order,107 family and 199 genus in dhole's flora structure.Themain phylums of the gut microbe of the two canids were: Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes,Fusobacteria,Proteobacteria,Tenericutes,Actinobacteria,Planctomycetes,Lentisphaerae,Deinococcus-Thermus.Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes and Fusobacteria,Proteobacteria were the dominant bacterium.There were a lot of remaining sequences which can't be identified and we should do a further exploration.Further analysis results showed that the diversity of wolve's and dog's intestinal flora has obvious differences.Domestic dogs' gut bacteria abundance was higher than that of wolf,and the diversity of domestic dogs failed to overtake the wolfs'.The change of the food led to the structure of different bacterial flora.The wolf's intestinal flora was diferrent from that ofdholes.Whether in the colonies of the population or diversity,the wolf was lower than that of dhole.Environmental factors influenced the canine intestinal flora.In this study,there were a lot of unknown sequences.So,the drawback of high-throughput sequencing was the limited reference database.Also,we need to further study the unknown sequences which were useful to our life.In this paper,the data we have obtained provided the basic information for the wildlife protection and offered a scientific theory basis for the protection and utilization of the wildlife.