The Research On The Operation Efficiency Of Airports In China Based On Three-stage DEA Method

Airport territorial reform so far, China has already developed into “Great Civil Aviation Country”. During this process, the airport has always been playing an important part in the development of China’s civil aviation industry. However, as actively promoting the development of “Great Civil Aviation Country”, the airport industry is also faced with overall low operational efficiency, the significant gap of operation efficiency between the regional airports, the lack of cooperation among the airports. Therefore, evaluating the operation efficiency of airports effectively and scientifically, analyzing the factors influencing the efficiency of airports, and seeking strategies to improve airport operations, are not only conducive to solving the problem of the airport ’s own operations, more helpful to our country the transition from the “Great Civil Aviation Country” to “Civil Aviation Power”.Through the analysis of papers, it is found that while evaluating the efficiency of the airport based on DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis) method, many papers have taken no account of the influence of the external environmental factors and random error factor on the evaluation of the efficiency, and ignored the disadvantage on the self-assessment system which the DEA method relys on, resulting in unfair weight distribution.Therefore, in order to eliminate both environmental factors and random error factors, and weaken the DEA method’dependencies on self- assessment system, the DEA cross- efficiency model based o the ideal decision-making unit(referred to as the Ideal Decision Model) is developed from DEA method, Cross- efficiency Theory and the Ideal Point Theory in Multiattribute Decision Making. Apart from that, the existing three-stage DEA method is combined with the Ideal Decision Model to construct a new three-stage DEA method. In the end, the two three-stage DEA methods is used to evaluate and compare the efficiency of the national capital of 23 airports( including 20 trunk airport and three hub airports), the following conclusions are made:(1) Ideal Decision Model method can overcome the self-assessment system drawbacks of DEA;(2) Airports located in Central Area of China rely on the environment;(3) There is shortage of cooperation among regional airports;(4) The differience of the efficiency results in low efficiency of airports.