Input Optimization And Effect Estimation Of Grain Production Based On DEA Model

In the long term,population growth,farmland shrinking,resource shortage and other trends will not change,the contradiction between grain production and resources,environment and other factors will become more and more obvious in the future of China.Economic "new normal" create a favorable policy environment for transformation of grain production mode and sustained-rapid growth of grain yield of our country,grain production should take initiative to adapt to the "new normal",exploit the new power fully,attempt to open up a productive,efficient and ecological grain production pattern,ensure our national food security.Based on the existing literature research,this paper startted from the law of minimum factor,put forward the basic hypothesis of factor input optimization of grain production,considered two important reasons that the low efficiency and the increasing pressure of food supply,used input-oriented and output-oriented DEA analysis method respectively,took Henan Province as an example,investigated rationality of factor input structure from theoretical and empirical perspectives,estimated input redundancy and production potentiality,analyzed the changes of returns to scale and adjustment of element input structure,estimated economic and environmental effect because of factor input optimization,explored the basic reason why inefficient grain production and low economic benefit,raised concrete proposal about factor input optimization of grain production.According to the estimation results,concluded six points: first,grain production returns to scale are dynamic,not in the best condition steadily;second,redundancy in different cities is different,input structure of major grain producing area is better than that of non grain main producing area;third,whether from input-oriented or output-oriented view,grain production in Henan province both have input redundancy and basically the same path;fourth,redundancy of different input factors is different,frequency of input relaxation adjustment is quite different;fifth,our nation reducing agricultural tax and promulgating agricultural subsidy policy have double effect on grain production after 2004;sixth,element input optimization will bring huge resource saving and environmental improvement.Thus,input of production factors unreasonable caused waste of productive resources seriously,low production efficiency,large yield-increasing potential.Therefore,we should start from optimizing input of grain production,determine the direction and priority of structural adjustment on the basis of each city,publish the corresponding grain production policy and science and technology policy.From the research,this paper presented the following suggestions: first,reviewing the policy of increasing spending on grain production;second,focusing on strengthening the agricultural supply-side structural reforms;third,developing differentiated regional factor input planning and accelerating moderate scale management of grain;fourth,promoting agricultural science and technology progress and improving the comprehensive grain production capacity;fifth,constructing a resource-saving and environment-friendly agricultural system,implementing green production model fully.Grain production should pay attention to the quantity,quality and efficiency at the same time,encourage farmers to adopt new technology,transform the traditional factor-driven into innovation-driven and rely on scientific and technological progress and increase total factor productivity,the more development of agricultural production,the more knowledge and technology intensive characteristics should be shown.Under the premise of ensuring grain self-sufficiency and rations absolute safety,forming the modern grain production structure and regional distribution that adapted to the market demand and match with the resources endowment,finally realizing the overall development between resources,environment and grain production.