| Since China joined the WTO in 2001, with the convenience of economic globalization, Chinese import and export trade, especially manufacturing exports has experienced leaping development. But from 2002 to 2013, China’s export volume growth rate shows increasing and then descending trend. Therefore, one of focus of the national "Twelfth Five Year" plan is transformation and upgrading and enhancing the core competitiveness of industries. To improve the technological content of products and product quality would be the first to bear the brunt. More and more scholars concentrate on the product quality. However, previous researches stay at the theoretical level limited by data. Although in recent years the subdivision data can be obtained, there isn’t a unified product quality measurement system.First of all, this paper uses the nested logit model of Khandelwal(2010) to measure the relative export quality of Chinese 27 manufacturing industries from 2002 to 2013, the research shows that: during the sample period, our country manufacturing industries relative export quality shows the declining trend in fluctuation. Specifically,the export quality of different industries show various trend. The relative quality of textiles, garments and other fiber products industry, wood processing industry, paper and paper products industry showed an upward trend, while the relative quality of plastics manufacturing, non-metallic mineral products industry, ferrous metal smelting and rolling industry, metal products manufacturing decreased significantly.Industries whose quality experienced a growth are mostly concentrated in labor-intensive industries, technology intensive and capital intensive industry decline in quality. According to the technical level and the degree of processing, this paper show the quality of export products in different dimensions. The quality of high technology and low technology products is relatively high, the quality of other three type of products is relatively lower, the average quality of of high technology product is even lower than that of low technology products; the quality of intermediate product level of tend to rise, and the average quality is higher than that of final product, the final export products are still at the low end and low technology content stage.To follow with, we discuss the theory analysis of the influence of TFP on product quality in three aspects. In particular, with reference to the model ofAntoniades(2015), we establish the demand function that includes product quality from the perspective of the demand side, then establish the profit function from the supplier’s point of view, thus obtain the quality choice of enterprise in profit maximization conditions. Then, based on former measurement we run empirical regression by system GMM method, and test its robustness grouped by factor intensity. The results show that the export quality upgrading of manufacturing industry is coherence and continuity; the TFP can significantly promote the export product quality; R&D investment, human capital and FDI can actively promote the export quality upgrade of Chinese manufacturing industry; although the regression coefficient of capital deepening variable k/l is still negative, there is a complementary effect between the capital deepening variable and TFP, as well as the industry technology innovation variables. The capital deepening can associate with these factors, to enhance the quality of export products significantly; at the same time, there are also complementary effect between FDI and TFP, R&D and human capital, their combine and promotion with each other attribute to Chinese export product quality upgrading. |
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