Research And Implementation Of Key Management Scheme In Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks(WSNs) have been widely applied in many fields due to their rapid development. The safe operation of wireless sensor networks is ensured by security mechanism in many application environments; one of the most important and basal mechanisms for ensuring security is key management, so the key management is very significant for wireless sensor networks security research. The purpose of this thesis is to design a key management scheme which has strong security, high key connectivity and perfect network scalability. This scheme not only provides support for both pair-wise and group-wise key management but also support new node addition, key revocation and key update. The main research works are as follows:1. A key management scheme is proposed based on matrix and multi-key spaces. This scheme improves the connectivity of pair-wise key based on matrix, enhances the resilience and resistance of node by expanding key space, and embeds the pair-wise key update material into a secret formula to ensure that only the normal nodes can extract the pair-wise key update materials. The theoretical analysis results show that the scheme has the ability to resist multiple types of attacks. Compared with other schemes, the scheme not only effectively reduces the communication, computation and storage overhead, but also improves the network scalability.2. A group key management scheme is proposed based on pair-key management scheme. An authenticated group key establishment method is presented based on Chinese remainder theorem in this scheme. By constructing monadic linear congruence equations, the solution used to hide group key is calculated. In addition, the authentication for the group key update command is completed by using the solution. The theoretical analysis results show that the scheme effectively reduces communication, computation and storage overhead compared with DAAG group key scheme.3. The key management scheme proposed in the thesis has been implemented on the hardware platform which uses the SEM32F103 as the controller and ATRF212 as RF module. The scheme is validated by building a test system. The test results indicate that the proposed scheme is rational and practicable. It can be applied to WSNs with limited resources, and it also ensures the safe operation of network on condition that the communication, computation and storage overhead are lower at the same time.