Research On Security In Underwater Wireless Sensor Network

The underwater wireless sensor network(Underwater Wireless Sensor network,UWSN)is the extension of wireless sensor network in the water.It is composed of a large number of sensor nodes which are deployed in interest water area.The sensor nodes communicate with other nodes using acoustic signal,which forms self-organizing network structure.The sensor nodes collect data of underwater,and transfer data to the surface sink node by single hop or multiple hops.The sink node sends data to a base station or data collection center using radio frequency signals after data fusion.Currently,underwater wireless sensor network is widely applied in the marine resources development,marine environment monitoring,marine disaster prevention,and so on.Because of the characteristics of the underwater acoustic channel and the network environment,UWSN is vulnerable to various threats and attacks.However,most of the researches on underwater wireless sensor network is centered on low energy consumption,high efficiency,and does not consider network security problems which existing in the communication protocol.This paper analyzes the security problems of UWSN,and studies on several key security technologies of UWSN.The paper proposes a key management and an encryption mechanism.The main contents of this paper are as follows:(1)We put forward the security requirements of UWSN,and describe the security technology of UWSN.We also analyze the security problems faced by UWSN,and propose defending strategies.(2)We propose a key management scheme based on elliptic curve.The scheme is applicable to distributed UWSN,and can authenticate node's identity before shared key is established.The scheme relies on the elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem.Before the nodes are deployed,base station pre-distributes system parameters.The scheme will authenticate node's identity before communication.After successful authentication,the nodes generate the shared key by exchanging key information.(3)We describe the encryption mechanism of UWSN,and present a block encryption algorithm based on chaotic theory.The algorithm adopts 16-round iteration Feistel structure to encrypt and decrypt block.The round keys are generated by logistic mapping.The round function is constructed by discrete coupled chaotic systems.By analysis,our algorithm can meet security requirements,and can resist adversarial attacks.Simulation results show that,compared with DES and AES algorithms,our algorithm has higher energy efficiency and can be applied to UWSN.