Key pre-distribution is a common method found in resource-limited wireless sensor networks(WSNs)for allowing two sensor nodes to share a key.However,an intrinsic assumption behind most of the existing key pre-distribution schemes is that the density of sensor nodes in a WSN should be high,which,unfortunately,does not hold in certain cases.We develop a general framework,Randomized Cooperative Key Pre-Distribution(RCKPD),for establishing shared keys between sensor nodes using neighbor information.RCKPD can be used in both dense and sparse networks.In addition,the number of intermediate nodes aware of the message transmitted between two nodes is limited to at most two with high probability.Simulation and analytical results are also provided to confirm our evaluation. |