Research On Pedestrian Evacuation In Buildings Based On Dynamic Evolution Game Theory

With the improvement of people's living standards and the urbanization process accelerating,in modern cities all kinds of public places become the places where the population and resources are concentrated on,and the threat of various kinds of risks and unconventional emergencies is increasingly apparent.The catastrophic accidents caused by unconventional emergencies are often serious in the process of pedestrian evacuation,and the social impact is very bad.People pay more and more attention to city security.In order to ensure the safety of people,it is of great significance to carry on scientific research on the simulation,risk assessment and emergency management of high density pedestrian evacuation in public places.At present,evacuation research has attracted scholars of different professional backgrounds and become one of the most research topics.This dissertation mainly focuses on the cellular automata model and the evolutionary game theory model,which mainly includes the following aspects:Firstly,based on the cellular automata model,the income parameters of competition behavior and cooperative behavior in pedestrian evacuation process are constructed,and the movement rules of pedestrian are determined by using the income parameters.Then,the simulation is carried out under different system scale,exit width and pedestrian density,and the evacuation time is calculated.Through the comparative analysis,it is found that the pedestrian evacuation time increase linearly with the increase of pedestrian density under the certain condition of system scale and exit width.Under the certain condition of system scale and pedestrian density,the evacuation time decreases with the increase of exit width.The cooperative behavior of high density pedestrians under emergency evacuation condition is helpful to improve evacuation efficiency.Secondly,in order to promote the cooperative behavior of high-density pedestrians in the process of emergency evacuation,the cellular automata model of the prisoner's dilemma under punishment mechanism is put forward.We use the weak prisoner's dilemma to quantify the benefits of pedestrian behavior.The punishment force is used as the punishment for the pedestrians' choice of competitive behavior.And we discuss the relationship between pedestrian competition behavior and punishment in different initial states in Von Neumann neighborhood and Moore neighborhood,so as to further simulate the pedestrian density of 0.6 and 0.8,respectively.It is found that in the evacuation process,the change speed of pedestrian behavior is related to the number of neighborhoods,and the more the neighborhoods number,the more difficult the pedestrian behavior to change.And it is found that the greater the punishment,the greater the loss of the pedestrians who choose the competitive behavior,which is conducive to the emergence of the cooperative behavior of pedestrian groups.The greater the pedestrian density,the more difficult the pedestrian behavior to change,in the same pedestrian density and the punishment,the trend of pedestrian behavior probability changing with time is independent of the initial state of the pedestrian.Finally,based on the external perspective of pedestrians,the replication dynamic evolution model is established,and the evolution rules of pedestrian selection competition behavior and cooperative behavior are studied in the case of managerial participation.In the process of high-density pedestrian emergency evacuation,the guider of the management department plays a vital role in taking the guiding strategy to ensure pedestrian choosing cooperative behavior for safe and orderly evacuation.