Research On Routing In Wireless Sensor Networks Based On 6LoWPAN

With the emergence of various kinds of new wireless sensor network applications and the continuous development of the IPv6-based Internet(hereinafter referred to as the IPv6 network), achieving the point-to-point communication between wireless sensor networks and IPv6 networks has become an inevitable trend in the future. 6LoWPAN(IPv6 over Low Power Wireless Personal Area Networks) defines the standards for IPv6-based low-power wireless personal area networks, and becomes an ideal solution to realize point-to-point communication between wireless sensor networks and IPv6 networks. In the wireless sensor network based on 6LoWPAN(hereinafter referred to as the 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network), each sensor node has an globally unique IPv6 address and supports the IPv6 protocol to realize point-to-point communication with nodes in the IPv6 networks. Compared with the traditional wireless sensor network, 6Lo WPAN wireless sensor network has a wider application prospect, and plays an important role in various areas such as environment monitoring, health care, and so on.Before 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network performs the proper communications, it is necessary to establish the correct routing. The energy in 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network is limited, so establishing energy-efficient routing is particularly important. This paper studies the routing for 6Lo WPAN wireless sensor network, and the main research works and innovations are threefold:Firstly, this paper proposes an address configuration scheme for 6Lo WPAN wireless sensor networks based on location information and PDAD(Passive Duplicate Address Detection). The scheme divides a network into several grids, and address configuration in each grid can be performed in parallel. PDAD is employed to ensure the address uniqueness. Because PDAD is achieved by using the IEEE 802.15.4 beacon frames, the address configuration cost and delay are reduced. Moreover, this scheme can reclaim the released address resources without any operations, so there is enough address resources available for address configuration. As a result, the addressing failure caused by the lack of address resources is avoided.Secondly, based on the address configuration scheme, this paper proposes a routing algorithm based on the link layer for 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network. This algorithm establishes the neighbor tables by employing the IEEE 802.15.4 beacon frames and utilizes these neighbor tables and IEEE 802.15.4 command frames to achieve the routing. So the encapsulation and decapsulation latency in the adaptation layer and network layer is reduced and the routing efficiency is increased.Finally, based on the address configuration and the routing algorithm in the link layer, this paper proposes a routing algorithm based on dynamic trees for 6LoWPAN wireless sensor networks. This algorithm employs the dynamic trees to realize the routing between 6LoWPAN networks. Since the routing can be achieved without visiting home agents or building tunneling, the routing performance is substantially improved.