The Research On Single Photon Detector Based On InGaAs/InP APD

In recent years, infrared single photon detectors make a great contribution to the development of the quantum communication, as well as application such as LIDAR and bio-photonics. The quantum communication system which is based on the fiber communication technology require the high detection efficiency, low dark count and easy condition of the single photon detector. The single photon detectors based on InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiode have some special advantages, such as excellent performance and easy to integrate, become the best choices for the infrared single photon detectors. InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiode are generally operated in the gated Geiger mode in order to suppress the after pulse, however, making the avalanches buried in the spike noise because of avalanche photodiode's capacitive response. Therefore, we can only introduce other techniques to extract avalanche signals. Then, we make the single photon detectors base on low pass filtering technique and the single photon detectors base on capacitance balancing technique. Meanwhile, we modified our single photon detectors base on capacitance balancing technique. Compared with previous scheme, the new one can suppress the spike noise better and improve the working frequency. By optimizing the design of the device, we fabricated a SAGCM InGaAs/InP APD. In addition, we applied the heterodyne technique to the single photon detectors based on our own APD, proposing a novel self-quenching single photon detectors which can operate well without the gating signal theoretically.The main content and innovative points of this work are introduced:1. We tested the single photon detectors based on low pass filtering technique, which has the dark count rate of 6.6×10-5 per pulse. Then, we modified our single photon detectors base on capacitance balancing technique which can suppress the spike noise better, therefore, improving the working frequency and reducing the dark count rate.2. Finally, based on our own avalanche photodiode, we proposed a novel self-quenching single photon detectors which can operate well without the gating signal theoretically.