Study On The Two Children's Fertility Desire And Its Influencing Factors Of The People Of Childbearing Age In Yinchuan Under The “Universal Two-child” Policy

Background: The “universal two-child” policy have implemented since January 1,2016.Fertility desire reflects the effect of fertility policy implementation,which affects people's reproductive behavior.Therefore,it is very important to study on the two children's fertility desire and its influencing factors of people of childbearing age under the “universal two-child” policy.Objective: Based on the background of the “universal two-child” policy,this paper discusses the people of childbearing age to cognition of policy,the investigation of the two children's fertility desire of people of childbearing age in Yinchuan,to describe the general characteristics and to analyze the factors that affect the fertility desire.Based on the study of two children's fertility desire of people of childbearing age in different ages,It is helpful to understand the difference of two children's fertility desire of different ages in Yinchuan.According to the results to discuss and put forward recommendation.So as to provide a reasonable data reference and theoretical support for the development of the population and the prediction of the future population of Yinchuan under the “universal two-child” policy.Methods: This study uses qualitative and quantitative methods,through literature search,combing the theoretical basis about fertility desire.Using the method of questionnaire survey to investigate the fertility desire of the 450 people of childbearing age that in the year of1967-1996 in Yinchuan.Using the method of interview to research on the family planningdepartments of the Ningxia Health Planning Commission.Using SPSS21.0 statistical software to process and analyze the data,using descriptive statistics on basic situation of two children's fertility desire,using the chi square test of significance,using correlation analysis between different ages and fertility desire,using logistic regression analysis of influencing factors.Results:1.The cognition of the “universal two-child” policy on people of childbearing age in YinchuanThe cognition of the “universal two-child” policy,12.22% of the people do very understand;24.89% of the people do more than understand;41.12% of the people do general understand;17.33% of the people do not understand;4.44% of the people completely do not understand.2.The general characteristics of fertility desire on people of childbearing age in Yinchuan(1)51.33% of the people are willing to have two children,14.45% of the people are not willing to have two children,and 34.22% of the people who are not want.Marital status,current occupation,nature of the account,the number of children on the people of childbearing age to have two children with statistical significance(P<0.05).The number of children willing to birth,75.11% of the people intend to have two children,20.45% of the people who want to have a child,and 2.22% of the people do not want to have children and to have more than three children.(2)The gender of children willing to birth,68.22% of the people are ideal for having two children,preferably a boy and a girl.(3)The age of children willing to birth,32.67% of the people intend to childbearing age in 26-30 years old,they generally agree with 26-30 years old is the most suitable to birth the second child.(4)The purpose of children willing to birth,the willingness of children to love,let the children have a partner and increase family fun are the main reasons for people of childbearing age to birth of two children;family economic pressure,raising the high cost and big energy consuming arethe main factors that affect the people of childbearing age to birth of two children.3.Analysis of the effect of the two children's fertility desire of the different ages in YinchuanThe overall of the two children's fertility desire of people of childbearing age is higher,there is no correlation between the ages and the number of children will be born,correlation coefficient is 0.054,P=0.25;there is no correlation between the ages and the gender of children will be born,correlation coefficient is 14.131,P=0.118;there is correlation between the ages and the age of children will be born,correlation coefficient is 0.202,P<0.001.4.Analysis of the effect of influencing factors of two children's fertility desire on people of childbearing age in YinchuanThe results of logistic regression analysis shows that the influencing factors of two children's fertility desire on people of childbearing age,demographic information: age,the nature of the account;personal factors: love children,children have a partner,no one with a child;family factors: increase family fun,raising the high cost,family economic pressure;social factors: increasing teaching quality,women working rights and maternal mental health counseling.The regression coefficients are-0.032?-0.665?-0.806?-1.798?0.603?-1.543?0.670?0.616?-0.863?0.649?0.785.Countermeasures:1.Increasing the advocacy of policy,improving cognition of people of childbearing age.2.Improving the level of health services,reducing the risk of maternal birth.3.Promoting the diversification of parenting costs,structuring of professional women's legitimate rights and interests.4.Strengthening social security efforts,improving relevant supporting measures.