Analysis Of The Physical Fitness Characteristics In Chinese Elite Alpine Skiers

Objective: This study tested the excellent alpine skiers in our country and ordinary people,in this way we got die physical quality index included of torso strength,lower limbs strength,anaerobic capacity,balanced capacity,dexterity and coordinate ability.We compared the index of athletes to ordinary people and analyze,and then we got the specialty of physical quality that the athlete have,know about the sport characteristic of alpine skiers,then can we provide advices for training and build basis for the further study of alpine skiing.Method: There are 15 excellent national athletes tested,include:6 male & 9 females.The blank group consists of ordinary people,who are matched with the selected athletes according to gender,age,height and weight,all without special training,includes 10 male & 10 females.We tested lower limbs isokinetic strength,torso strength,FMS,Wingate test,single leg standing with eyes closed,Box Jump,T-running,300-yard shuttle running,40-yard sprint,standing long jump,push up and so on.We used t-test for comparison and analysis between athletes and ordinary people,male and female.Result: The alpine skiers show bigger hamstring strength than ordinary people(P<0.01),female athletes show bigger quadriceps strength than ordinary female(P<0.01).There is significant difference between the H/Q value of athletes and ordinary people(P<0.05).The back strength,ratio between flexion and extension,Box Jump times,standing long jump distance,time used for 300-yard shuttle running and push-up times of athletes are all significant different from ordinary people(P<0.01).The female athletes show a significant better result in Wingate test than ordinary female(P<0.01).Conclusion:(1)Lower limb strength:the ratio between hamstring concentric and eccentric strength of our national alpine skiers is about 1:1;when the angular speed is 60°/s,the ratio between the peak torque of female skiers’ knee flexion and extension is about 0.60-0.98,the ratio between the peak torque of male skiers’ knee flexion and extension is about 0.70-1.09.when the angular speed is 180°/s,the ratio between the peak torque of female skiers’ knee flexion and extension is about 0.70-1.22,the ratio between the peak torque of male skiers’ knee flexion and extension is about 0.77-1.20(2)Tutor strength: Alpine skiers’ back muscles are strong;trunk extensor is about 2 times the strength of the trunk flexor.It has a relative balance on the lateral flexion and rotation on both sides.(3)The maximal power of our national alpine skier: the female is between 527.82-648.98 W,the male is between 662.96-896.24W;Average power: the female is between 439.11-556.89 W,the male is between 569.82-747.78 W.The maximal power and average power of female athletes are as 1.4 times as the power of the normal female,while the maximal and average power of male athletes are similar to the power of the normal male.