Research On Social Capital And Gender Income Gap Of Labor Migrants

The social fact of inequality is often hidden in the various details.The history of gender inequality in the labor market has early begun,with a global market economy in contemporary societies,there is nothing more broadly and profoundly reflecting the gender inequality than income gap.This paper chooses the labor migrants as the study object,selects social capital as important variable to explain the gender income gap of labor migrants,uses unconditional quantile regression decomposition as the main research method,then establishes and gradually proves the research hypothesis which based on CGSS2012 published data,eventually analyzes the conclusions and proposes possible solutions.The empirical research says: first of all,the gender income gap of labor migrants definitely exists,and the income of female labor migrants is lower than that of male labor migrants.Human resources,institutional factors,and even personal living conditions can affect income,not to speak of social capital,as part of individual resources,it has a significant impact on personal income.Secondly,the difference of gender income of labor migrants is mainly caused by their gender gap of social capital.Regression analysis shows that social capital is the key variable,which can explain the income gap of labor migrants,after controlling the influence of human capital,institutional factors and other individual characteristic variables;moreover,through the establishment of labor migration model of income determination,it can be concluded that the gender gap in social capital specifically affects the gender income gap of labor migrants and its positive influence on income is significant.After introducing the relevant variables of social capital,the gender income gap of labor migrants is significantly reduced.Thirdly,the total amount of social capital of male labor migrants is lager than that of female labor migrants.The same is true for the formation of social capital of male and female migrants,males are more likely to be able to obtain the substantial social resources and make initial entrance into advantageous positions in the organization which are conducive to further construction of social capital.Fourth,the social capital yield gap of different gender exacerbates the current gender income gap in labor migrants.By using the unconditional quantile decomposition,it can be discovered that all male labor migrants' social capital yield is higher than the female labor immigrants.The distribution of income illustrates that the gender gap of social capital yield is,from the low income to the high income on different quantiles,different and performs a phenomenon that high-income labor migrants' gender gap of social capital yield is smaller,which generally describes females' lower social capital gains leads to their lower income than males in the low-income labor migrants group.On the basis of the conclusion,this paper have three aspects of proposals which may reduce the gender income gap of labor migrants,such as strengthen the relevant legislation of anti-sex-discrimination,increase the investment in labor migrants and reduce the informal influential factors of social capital construction.Finally,it summarizes the deficiency and innovation,puts forward the prospects of future research.