Researching How Group Work Intervene Social Interaction Dilemma Of The Elderly Immigrants

With the development of economy,more and more young people choose to live in big cities,and their parents are home alone either become empty-nesters,or move to citied following their children.The latter is called the elderly immigrants.With the increase of aged population,there will be more and more old people joining in the two communities.The elderly immigrants,as a special community,have been ignored by scholars in the field of academic research,whose life is also worthy of our attention.For the elderly immigrants,it is important for them to adjust themselves to the new environment from the familiar to the unfamiliar environment.The status of the social communication is an important characterization of the adaptation to the new environment,to some extent,the situation of their interaction can reflect the living condition of their urban life.The research selects H community in Nanjing as a site,in which we made a research on the situation of 30 trailing old people's interaction.Through the combination of quantitative and qualitative study methods,we gave away related questionnaire and collect basic information on interaction after they moved to cities,including the object,content,frequency of their social interaction.The research found there are different features in terms of different genders,household registers and jobs.We selected 10 trailing old people and made a half-structured interview to research the situation of their social interaction deeply.We found that the elderly immigrants have an increasing requirement to alert their social interaction according to the combined aspects of data.There are many problems in the level of their social communication:the extent of their communicating objects is limited,the contents of their social communication are dull,the frequency of social communication of the elderly immigrants is low,the methods of communication are simple and their participation in community activities is inactive.Besides,according to theories of re-socialization and ecological system combined with the analysis of themselves,family and society,we found the elderly can't adapt to their physiological and psychological change.And disharmonious family relationship and unfamiliar social environment also have negative impact on their social interaction.Based on the elderly immigrants' social demand in this sample,as well as their performance of social communication disorders,we selected six voluntary old persons as service objects,decided the method of group work.Under the principle of reciprocal mode,we worked out our research plan and carried it out scientifically.We organized five group activities in which we shared skills of social communication and interaction to improve their confidence in making friends and opportunities of make acquaintance of new people.As a result,they improve their capability of social communication and extend their social scope,which helps them solve problems of social communication and establish a healthy interpersonal relationship network.According to measuring tables used in the pre-test and post-test,and post-interview to the research objects,we found the social scope of the elderly immigrants had extended gradually,not just limited to local community any more.The contents of their social activities have become colorful and abundant,no longer limited to simple greeting.Meanwhile,the frequency of their interaction has increased and the methods also vary.For example,they can chat with others via Wechat.Finally,the author reflects on the achievements and drawbacks of the research from the view of intervention mechanism,skills and participants of social work,finding that the intervention to social interaction of the elderly immigrants should be supplemented by case work and community work at the same time.We should motivate full potential of social worker's as mediator,activist and coordinator.Meanwhile,the author puts forward constructive suggestions from the view of social policy and community building,the perspective of social organization to promote their social interactions,including perfecting the policy of life safeguard,providing leisure and preferential policy support,establishing a perfect community service center,and actively promoting the establishment of community.