The Difference Of Peasant Cooperation Under The Theory Of Practice

This research on peasant cooperation origins in realistic thinking of the change from Together Working to Hire Working, and the current debate about "Whether Peasants are Good at Cooperation or not" in academic circles. The literature review will fall into "traditional society of peasant cooperation" and "transition of peasant cooperation". The research about traditional society belongs to the research of traditional rural society. The contents about peasant cooperation researches are more widely during the transition period, mainly divided into these three kinds of views:the first is that peasant cooperation can adjust itself in order to adapt to the market; the second view considers that peasant cooperation will be replaced by market-oriented behavior; the third view is about the debate that" Whether Peasants are Good at Cooperation or not".This paper introduces Bourdieu's Theory of Practice; mainly use the two concepts of Habitus and Field to explain the changes of peasant cooperation mode. Field is a structural social space, and different actors on different location may produce different patterns of behavior. But the behavior of individual or group is not only determined by Field, also restricted by a long-term disposition system-Habitus. Habitus as a way of being can promote the social structure of individual or group to be internalized in the heart and lead to kind of organization behavior.Based on the theory of practice, this paper takes Z village as a subject, to research the changes of peasant cooperation in the field of agricultural production, and we will divide it into three forms:Together Working, Help Working and Hire Working.Considering the field of peasant cooperation, peasant cooperation is affected by the production unit, production space, social network and division of occupation and etc. Since china's opening, farming of Z village returned to single family, in order to ensure the successful completion of the work, families whose wheat fields are concentrated began to unite. With the development of the mechanization in late 90's in 20th century, agricultural production is simplified, and the space gradually transferred to the improving house conditions. When a family comes to the work which is unable to be completed, he will turn to the growing network for help.Besides, peasant cooperation is also restricted by the cooperation habitus. At the beginning of reform, peasants still choose to cooperate again in following with the work habits of collectivization period. To accept Hire Working is not only a psychological process, but also a physical process, mainly for peasants thought it as a kind of "fashion", when they used to this kind of attribution, it becomes a behavior pattern.The study suggests that peasant cooperation has changed in the market background, furthermore the changes vary in different areas which are reflected in those directions: Help Working is being replaced by Hire Working in farming, the market tendency is trickling in ceremony and Hire working is in vogue. This different changing way reflects that the market economy has not yet been completely eroded rural areas. On the contrary, those resilient factors, such as traditional habits, kinship, human relationship and face, will restrict cooperative behavior.