Research On The Incentive Mechanisms Of Civil Servants In Public Sectors In Ethiopia

Incentive mechanism of public servants a way of action and value by which government leads civil servants to achieve organizational goals,which has a vital influence on motivating and encouraging civil servants' enthusiastic and dynamic energy,and increasing efficiency of governmental administration.The study of incentive mechanism is central to the study of all public administration activities both regarding individual decision-making and in-terms of co-operation and competition within a larger institutional structure.Economic analysis,then,of the difference between societies(and between different organization within a community)mostly amounts to characterizing the differences in incentive mechanism.Efficient,transparent,accountable public administration is key to ensuring a properly functioning state.Also,it is an essential factor in making a country internationally competitive.It is impossible to provide public services and promote sustainable economic development without adequately functioning administrative structures and processes.In Ethiopia in general and in many developing countries in particular,public administration structures,the procedures and processes mostly unclear,biased and in some case,there is also lack of clear institutionalized incentive system to use the appropriate proceures while in others the organizational and human resources available in public services are inadequate.Corruption,patronage and unethical conduct frequently compounded the situatio.Incentives combined with disincentives have more effects on achieving the goal of government policy.The success of incentives requires various efforts,both internally and externally.Empirical studies related to civil servants incentive mechanisms in public administration was conducted globally.However,there are limited numbers of studies were done on this topic in Ethiopia.For effective public administration system in any nations and to bring efficient,transparent,accountable public administration functioning state,proper implementation of incentive mechanisms for civil servants plays the highest role.In Ethiopia,civil servants incentives mechanisms are too weak.The economic side: Wages are too low and pay scales that at best are barely sufficient to live of,and not competitive with the private sector or do not compensate for postings to remote locations.Wages are too compressed,not reflecting the skills,training,and seniority of civil servants positions as compared with low paid jobs.Further,non-monetary incentives and allowances such as housing allowances,pensions,and other retirement benefits are often too weak to satisfy the interest of civil servants.These factors contributed to a culture of absenteeism,alternative employment,rent-seeking and low productivity often compounded by a system of non-transparent benefits and allowances that discourage civil servants work motivations.In spite of this fact,there are limited numbers of studies were conducted on this topic in Ethiopia to assess the public servant's incentive mechanisms and to find out the factors for such ineffective incentive mechanisms system.Since civil servants are an engine for any nations which plays a vital role in ensuring that government policies result in actual socio – economic and political development in the society.But in Ethiopia,these sectors incentive mechanisms structures were not well deigned and formally regulated to benefi them.It needs scientific research to figure out the problems which associated with civil servants incentive mechanisms.Therefore,this study aims to conduct descriptive research approach which precisely to describe the incentive mechanisms in Ethiopia public service sector and assess the problems.To support the research finding,experience of US and China civil servants incentive structure was analyzed,and some lessons were indicated to solve the problems.To achieve the objective's descriptive research approach was employed in qualitative form,the data was gathered from administrative laws,declarations,reports,and guidelines by using document analysis.The different literature reviewed on the general state of civil service policy on public servant incentive mechanisms in Ethiopia,public service laws,rules at the federal and provincial levels,international reports,journals.US and China public servant laws.Data were analyzed qualitatively,and some numerical figures of the government data on public servant structure were interpreted by using tables and graphs.Finally,based on the findings solutions was recommended...