The Rural Governance Theory During The Period Of Nanjing National Government

The foundation of Chinese society is the rural,at the same time,the rural governance is the foundation of consolidating Chinese social stability.So which management mode can be used and how to coordinate the relationship between state power and rural autonomy are the problems which rulers should slove from generations to generation.Though the outbreak of the opium war was the beginning of China’s semi-colonial and semi-feudal society,it also opened the closed door in China for many years,made the western ideas of democracy and human rights come.With the influx of new ideological trend of rural governance and change of social and political system,China’s traditional rural governance mode for more than two thousand years changed.Sun yat-sen’s direct civil rights theory,all right theory,revolutionary procedure theory constitutes the county autonomy theory,Chiangkai-shek’s”managing,educating,breeding,defending”military governance theory,on the basis of historic culture and modern democratic politics of the rural governance theory provided theory basis for the nanjing national government’s rural governance.Village system and the bao-jia systems’ traditional governance pattern,rural governance in zhaicheng and shanxi,they contributed to the nanjing national government’s rural governance system of the roots.With the system and theory foreshadowing,the nanjing national government had set about rural governance’s reform since 1928.Before the War of Resistance Against Japan,"county organic law" was promulgated,forming the embryonic form of the rural autonomous organizations at all levels,arousing the folk rural autonomy experiment;the bao-jia system had been carried out since 1934,it protected security of the country,at the same time it also strengthened the control of the rural country;in 1939,the establishment of the new county system marked the end of rural autonomy and the beginning of the state power controlling completely the rural governance.Nanjing national government’s rural governanceis the transition stage of the traditional rural governance towards modern rural governance,the facing problems and challenges and the coping strategy and plan have provided good enlightenment for the construction of modern rural governance system of our country.