A Study On Soviet Policies On Afghanistan(1953-1989)

Afghanistan is the southern neighbor of the Soviet Union,the two countries have a long border,while Afghanistan is the door of the Middle East,South Asia and West Asia,its special geographical location is of great significance for the southern Soviet border security.Especially during the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States,Afghanistan,as a strategic resource and strategic location are very important areas,became the Soviet Union to large-scale penetration until the object of interference.In 1953,Daoud came to power,and Afghanistan hoped that foreign aid would be used to promote domestic modernization and actively improve relations with the Soviet Union.This opened the door to the expansion of the Soviet Union into Afghanistan.The Soviet Union adopted various means to promote the modernization of Afghanistan at the same time,also reached a greatly deepened the purpose of interference in Afghanistan.In 1979,the Soviet Union launched a war against Afghanistan in the name of repression of the rebels,and the Soviet intervention in Afghanistan reached its peak.The Soviet Union’s intervention in Afghanistan was mainly aimed at achieving the strategic goal of the "world revolution" and winning the Cold War victory,and continue to achieve the goal of the South strategy.In order to achieve its strategic objectives,The Soviet Union has taken to increase economic and military aid to Afghanistan and fostered political agents and other measures,from all aspects of increased penetration of Afghanistan,during the war in Afghanistan is to take side measures to maintain its strategic interests in Afghanistan.However,the Soviet intervention in Afghanistan ended in failure,not only the Soviet Union itself gradually decline,and finally fall apart,but also to Afghanistan long-term into a turmoil,refugees,drugs,terrorism and other issues frequently.This paper intends to summarize the objectives and means of the Soviet intervention in Afghanistan from the perspective of the grand strategic theory and analyze the causes of the Soviet failure to interfere in Afghanistan with the strategy of the grand strategy.This paper mainly includes five parts:First,historical review.Mainly from Russia’s coveted Afghanistan and 1919-1953 Soviet and Afghan friendly cooperation in two aspects of the review,for the next content to do a bedding.Second,the Soviet Union on the penetration of Afghanistan policy.Focusing on the Soviet Union’s penetration of Afghanistan from 1953 to 1979 and the specific measures taken for infiltration.Third,Soviet intervention policy on Afghanistan.Mainly studied the Soviet Union in 1979 to 1985 during the war in Afghanistan,the Soviet Union to interfere with Afghanistan to achieve the goals and the concrete measures taken.Fourth,the Soviet Union’s policy of withdrawal of Afghanistan.Mainly studied the Soviet Union in 1985-1989 after the war in Afghanistan,the Soviet Union to take the withdrawal of the policy objectives and the specific measures taken.