Lü Wen,Liu Zongyuan And New Confucian Classics Studies Of The Spring And Autumn Annals In Middle Tang Dynasty

By means of sorting out the major academic opinions in the New Confucian Classics Studies of The Spring and Autumn Annals during Middle Tang Dynasty,the first chapter points out its academic pursuit of attaining practical use and dramatic integration with classics,political idea of people oriented and focusing on evolution,and the method of interpreting classics such as reasoning profoundly as well as comprehending emotions by abiding to the connotation of Confucius.All these generate a far reaching influence on the members in the studies.Dan Zhu and Zhao Kuang were called as “abnormal Confucians” in annals,and the second chapter analyzes this “abnormal Confucians” images from perspectives of direction of Confucian Classics Studies during Middle Tang Dynasty,tendency to brilliant views,combining with theories of other schools and advocating separating nature and human.It expresses that school of The Spring and Autumn Annals plays the guiding role in transiting from Han Confucianism to Sung Confucianism.Meanwhile,this chapter mentions that its theories usually contain theories of other schools.Through analyzing its uniqueness that different from Confucius and Mencius while in accordance with Xuncius,it manifests that the differences presented by members of studies of The Spring and Autumn Annals have their respective ideological origin and historical background.Based on the examples of,this article mainly illustrates the influence of New Confucian Classics Studies of The Spring and Autumn Annals on specific litterateurs and literary styles.The third chapter extracts clarifies Lü Wen and Liu Zongyuan's concept of literature and connotation of Confucius via collating their evaluation and attitude toward previous literature as well as Confucian classics.In addition,the analysis of specific works points out that under the dual influence of anti-literature while returning to essence ideological trend and the principle of removing superficial while standing on the practice in New Confucian Classics Studies of The Spring and Autumn Annals,Liu Zongyuan,Lü Wen and other writers upheld the concept of “literature to polish connotation of Confucius and connotation of Confucius lays foundation for literature”.They advocate returning to the origin of Confucian classics,writing to express connotation of Confucius,focusing on the social function of literature,opposing overly modified rhetoric,and broadening the concept of literature so as to achieve the status of responding to connotation of Dao.On the basis of summarizing the ideological spirit and literary style in Lü Wen and Liu Zongyuan's works,fourth chapter introduces that their works are concise and clear,which attach importance to praise and censure,and set examples rigorously.In terms of ideology,they promote expressing emotions by abiding to the connotation of Confucius,people-oriented,and beneficial to society.Besides,by tracing origins back to New Confucian Classics Studies of The Spring and Autumn Annals,this chapter explores the influence of the case law in The Spring and Autumn Annals on their writing style to explain the relationship between the Confusion Classics transition and this literary style.