Juan "spring And Autumn Annals" Research

This article defines itself to throw a deep light on the methodology and ideas of Hu An'guo(胡安国) in his work,the Interpretation on Spring and Autumn Annals(《春秋传》).The first chapter deals with the two orthodox views before Hu An'guo.The one is historical interpretation of the Spring and Autumn Annals,Confucius was considered as a historian,and his works,one of them is the Spring and Autumn Annals,is a historical work;The other is classical interpretation on Confucius(孔子) and,the Spring and Autumn Annals,therefore is considered as a Canon,which is full of his idea of political philosophy.The later tries to elucidate the Doctrine of Kingcraft(王道) based on classical writers.The former propose to a contesting view that the historical reports in spring and autumn only tell the truth without any artificial amendments or re-interpretation by confucius.This two competed views also goes to a sharp confrontation in their descendants methodology,one lays emphasis on the understanding of spring and autumn by a received formula(义例),or to search the profound meanings from the text and intent of the author;the other trace back to the true historical facts, with which the readers can find the truth of history.From my point view,these two conflicting views exemplify the division between knowledges/thuth and values.The second chapter confines to Hu's understanding of the Spring and Autumn Annals.Hu He integrated classical viewpoints with historical ones,taking a free stand between them/shuttling back and forth,to this crucial point that the views and methods in above two schools are synthesized into a consistent point.The third and fourth chapter focus on the method,in Hu's interpretation,Hu has a deep understanding of three interpretations: Zuo's Interpretation,Gongyang's Interpretation,and Guliang's Interpretation,he belives that the Spring and Autumn Annals is a historical work,but not a ordinary historical work,but a Canon.The fifth chapter is about hu's idea of Honoring the Kingcraft There are two contesting views on Honoring the Kingcraft.The one is to honor to idea of kingcraft(王道),though,the other is to honor the power of king(王权).Hu takes the idea of kingcraft(王道) as a superior entity, something like Li(理),to emperor's authentic power.From this point of view,Hu criticize the emperor to lessen his legitimated political power.The sixth chapter takes its eye on Hu's theory on disaster and obnormity.He thinks that once an emperor was at a loss of his virtue, which can cause a disaster in nature,something as a punishment from the heaven,if the emperor cannot correct his behavior,the heaven will cause abnomitis,as a more crucial warning,if the emperor continue his way without righteous,then the emperor will loss his nation as punishment.From this,Hu draws a conclusion that the emperor should take a conscious responsibility for his people,and be pious to the principle of kingcraft.The seventh chapter talks about Hu's theory of freely choosing principle.Hu thinks that the emperor should limit his officials' authority in accord with the classical principle from confucianism.The eighth chapter deals with Hu's nationalism theory.From that period of age,Hu takes his starting point as repelling barbaric nationality.So,he strongly advocates strengthening the armed forces.The last chapter is the conclusion of this dissertation.It includes three major points as the methodology,interpretation and historical status of Hu anguo.Furthermore,the author also criticize the vulnerable weakness in Hu's theory,and tries to propose the new angle of view from the present reality.