| Purpose:1.To know the current status of college students’ psychological pain,to explore the relationship between automatic thinking,coping styles and psychological pain.2.To exploring the effect of mindfulness cognitive training on improving the psychological pain of college students Methods:1.Research studyUsing Self-designed General Information Questionnaire,Three-Dimensional Psychological Pain(TDPPS),Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire(ATQ)and Coping Style Questionnaire(CSQ),investigate 1,400 students from freshman,sophomore,and junior in a university to know the current status of college students’ psychological pain,to explore the relationship between automatic thinking,coping styles and psychological pain.2.Intervention studyBased on the data of research,64 subjects who met the intervention conditions were randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group.The intervention group was trained for 8 weeks of mindfulness cognitive training,and the control group did not perform any intervention.The students of intervention group and the control group were tested as pretest,poet-test and delayed post-test three months later,and then analysed the data by repeated measurement analysis of variance.Results:1.Survey findings(1)The score of college students’ psychological pain is 28.90±9.31.The score on painful feelings and psychological pain of boys’ is significantly higher than girls’(t=2.406,p<0.05;t=2.047,p<0.05);The score on pain arousal,painful feelings and psychological pain of juniors is significantly higher than freshmen and sophomores(F=34.507,p<0.001;F=35.718,p<0.001;F=35.028,p<0.001);The score on pain avoidance of sophomores is significantly higher than freshmen and juniors(F=5.404,p<0.01);The score on painful feelings and psychological pain of urban students is significantly lower than rural students(t=-2.350,p<0.05;t=-2.126,p<0.05);The score on pain avoidance of only child is significantly higher than non-only children(t=3.087,p<0.01).(2)There were significant positive correlation between automatic thinking and psychological pain;There were significant positive correlation between psychological pain and the coping style of self-accusation,fancy,withdrawal and rationalization;There were significant negative correlation between problem-solving,asking for help and pain arousal,painful feelings,psychological pain;Automatic thinking and coping style can predict psychological pain,and coping style acts as the mediator between automatic thinking and psychological pain.The mediating effect accounts for 38% of the total effect.2.Intervention study results(1)According to the total score of psychological pain each dimension and its treatment effect of the intervention group and the control group,the results show that pain arousal(F=13.728,p<0.001),painful feelings(F=6.099,p<0.05),and psychological pain(F=10.066,p<0.01)significantly between groups,pain arousal(F=3.703,p<0.05)and psychological pain(F=4.485,p<0.05)have trend over time.The time changes of pain arousal(F=4.516,p<0.05),painful feelings(F=5.487,p<0.01)and psychological pain(F=4.892,p<0.01)were related to grouping.Further comparisons revealed: the score of pain arousal,painful feelings and psychological pain of intervention group in immediate post-test and delayed post-test was significantly lower than pretest and control group.(2)There was no significant effect between the treatment effect of implicit psychological pain in the intervention group and the control group(F=2.662,p>0.05),and the trend of change with time was not obvious(F=1.954,p>0.05),but the change of time was related to grouping(F=4.823,p<0.05);Further comparisons revealed: the score of implicit psychological pain of intervention group in immediate post-test and delayed post-test was significantly higher than pretest and control group.(3)There was no significant effect between the treatment effect of automatic thinking in the intervention group and the control group(F=3.040,p>0.05),the trend of change with time was obvious(F=3.255,p<0.05)and the change of time was not related to grouping(F=2.720,p>0.05);Further comparisons revealed: the score of automatic thinking of intervention group in immediate post-test was significantly lower than pretest and control group.(4)According to the score of coping style each dimension and its treatment effect of the intervention group and the control group,the results show that asking for help(F=3.912,p<0.05),self-accusation(F=44.776,p<0.001),fancy(F=7.355,p<0.01)significantly between groups,problem-solving(F=4.984,p<0.01),self-accusation(F=16.000,p<0.001),fancy(F=6.283,p<0.001)and rationalization(F=3.096,p<0.05)were related to grouping.The time changes of problem-solving(F=4.703,p<0.05),self-accusation(F=21.117,p<0.001),fancy(F=8.423,p<0.001)and rationalization(F=3.716,p<0.05)were related to grouping.Further comparisons revealed: the score of problem-solving of intervention group immediate post-test and delayed post-test was significantly higher than pretest and control group;The score of asking for help of intervention group in immediate post-test and delayed post-test was significantly higher than pretest,and higher than control group in delayed post-test;The scores of self-accusation and withdrawal of intervention group in immediate post-test and delayed post-test were significantly lower than pretest and control group;The score of fancy of intervention group in immediate post-test was significantly lower than pretest,and fancy was significantly lower than control group in post-test and delayed post-test;The score of rationalization was significantly lower than control group in post-test.Conclusion:1.Among the college students surveyed,there are differences in gender,grade,home location,and one-child children of psychological pain.2.Automatic thinking and coping styles can directly affect psychological pain,and coping style acts as the mediator between automatic thinking and psychological pain.3.Mindfulness cognitive training has a certain effect on reducing the psychological pain of college students,and it can also reduce college students’ automatic thinking and improve their coping styles. |
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