A Study Of Shanxi’s Governors In Late Qing Dynasty And Shanxi’s Modernization

Shanxi’s governors are the main organizers of modern developing activities in Shanxi,who play vital roles in it.By studying the governors of Shanxi in late Qing Dynasty and the modernization of Shanxi,we can not only get the detailed information about modernization of Shanxi in late Qing Dynasty and the influence of modernization,but also further reveal the affects of the governors in the modernization.In the 1980’s,Zhang Zhidong started the process of modernization in Shanxi,and then Hu Pinzhi promoted it.After that,during the New Deal in late Qing Dynasty,modernization proceeded in full swing.However,the roads of modernization are full of difficulties.Shanxi is located in such a strategic position,although in inland,so it is necessary for us to know its modernization situation.Also,by this way,we can explore the modernization related policies issued by Qing government and analyze the comprehensive conditions of modern development in late Qing Dynasty.In order to clarify the relationship between Shanxi’s governors and its modernization in late Qing Dynasty,firstly,a summary of overall situation of Shanxi in late Qing Dynasty will be made,and the background of the modernization reform carried out by Shanxi’s governors in late Qing Dynasty will be examined.Secondly,the working situations and backgrounds of these governor’s will be studied,so as to form overall understanding of the governors.Thirdly,the time of modernization activities in Shanxi will be divided into two periods.The first period is the second half of nineteenth century and the other is during the New Deal in late Qing Dynasty.In the second half of nineteenth century,Shanxi’s modern development is extremely tortuous.And in the period of New Deal,the development of modernization in Shanxi Province is still far behind other coastal provinces.Finally,the relationship between Shanxi’s governor and the modernization will be analyzed.With the development of society,modernization has become an irreversible trend.In late Qing Dynasty,Shanxi’s natural and social situations are not good.On the one hand,it is Shanxi’s governors who facilitate the modernization on Politics,Economy,Education and Military aspects and so on.On the other hand,because of the shortcomings of times and the governors themselves,the process of modernization was hindered to some degree.By studying the measures taken by the governors and analyze the problems,it is not difficult to understand the twists and turns in Shanxi’s modernization reform,as well as to recognize that the arduous modernization reform took long time to finish.