Peng Shuzhi’s Exploration Of Marxism In China(1919-1927)

Shuzhi Peng is an early theoretical propagandist and leader of the communist party of China.He has the important status in the process of the propaganda of Marxist theory and combining it with Chinese revolutionary practice,especially his theory of the national revolution,which played an important role in the national revolution led by Chinese communist party.But in the exploration of localization of Marxism in China,he also made opportunistic mistakes,so his exploration of localization of Marxism in China left experiences and lessons to us.Peng was exposed to the theory of Marxism during his studies in Changsha,and gained a deeper understanding of Marxist theory during his studies in Beijing.He joined the communist party of China,and formally embarked on the exploring path of localization of Marxism in China.He systematically studied Marxist theory and Russian revolutionary experience during his study in Soviet Union,and guided Lvmo branch of the communist party of China to study.He participated in the important meetings of the Communist International and propagandized the instructions and spirits of the Communist International on China’s revolutionary problems,and deepened the understanding of the combination of Marxist theory and China’s revolutionary reality,laying a solid theoretical foundation for guiding the Chinese revolution and propagating Marxism.After his return to China,Peng served as editor-in-chief of Guide weekly and New Youth quarterly.He was elected as minister of propaganda in the Fourth Congress of Chinese Communist Party.He published and translated a large number of articles in party newspaper,propagating Marxism and exploring the theory of national revolution.He thought that the Chinese revolution road was led by the proletariat,and the source of revolution was the broad masses of the oppressed people,and objects of revolution were feudal warlords,imperialism and its vassal classes.Peng pointed out the proletariat had natural leadership in the course of the national revolution.But he ignored the initiative of the proletariat for leadership in the revolution.In the field of the practice of localization of Marxism in China,Peng led May Thirtieth Movement,and guided the revolutionary movement with Marxist theory.While leading and promoting the movement of peasants,he thoroughly studied the attributes and conflicts of the peasantry.In guiding the armed struggle,especially in Yutian uprising,Peng made serious opportunistic errors,and was severely punished by the party.In the exploration of localization of Marxism in China,Peng propagandized Marxist theory and the experience of the Russian revolution,and thought about theoretical and practical problems of the Chinese revolution.He also copied the spirit of the Communist International,and mechanically applied the Russian revolutionary experience,so that he made a serious opportunism mistake.In the end,he accepted the theory of Trotsky,and he was completely out of touch with the Chinese revolution,deviating from the revolutionary path and being expelled from the party.