Althusser's Critical Theory Research In Philosophy And Politics

Althusser is a famous Marxist philosopher in France,who had a role that can't be overlooked in the West and the world to study the history of the development of Marx's theory.As a modern Marxist scholars,Althusser further promoted the historical process of the Marxist theory in defending Marx,re-interpretation of Marxist theory and so on.Therefore,the study of Althusser's critical theory is to better understand the theoretical system of Althusser and for a further study of Althusser to lay a solid foundation.The Critical Theory of Althusser 's Philosophy and Politics has its specific background and theoretical origin.The Parti Communiste Francais' s environment at that time and the relationship with the western bourgeoisie,the quarrels within the Communist Parties of different countries and the criticism of humanitarian Marxism which constitute the writing background of Philosophy and Politics.The critical theory is mainly embodied in three aspects.In terms of political criticism,Althusser considered that philosophy is not just politics and it has practicality.In terms of cultural criticism he proposed the class function of culture and criticized the second culture.In addition,in the ideological critical theory,Althusser put forward a new point of view,he believes that there is no history of ideology and put forward the ideology of state machine theory.By comparing the critical theory of Althusser with the critical theory of Frankfurt,we can see that they have different critical theme,different source of theory and different understand the point of view in Marxist thought.Althusser's critical theory has a certain theoretical significance,for example he preserved the scientific nature of the Marxist doctrine and developed the theory of Marxist ideology.Meanwhile,we can not ignore,Althusser Philosophy and Politics in the critical theory also had some shortcomings,for example he had a misunderstanding of the relationship between science and ideology,raised the individual ideology to the general,separated the inner unity of philosophy with history and the inadequacy of the study of the ideology of state machine theory.However,one flaw cannot obscure the splendor of the jade,we can't ignore the theoretical value and significance of his ‘critical' theory.