Effects Of Self-efficacy And Social Support On Professional Identity Of Nursing Undergraduates In Early Clinical Practice

ObjectivesThe objectives of this study are to evaluate the status of professional identity and influence factors of nursing undergraduates during clinical practice,to explore the relationship between self-efficacy and professional identity,the relationship between social support and professional identity,and to verify with the mediating effect of self-efficacy between social support and professional identity.To know the relationship of self-efficacy,social support and professional identity could help to improve the level of professional identity,promote their professional growth and development.MethodsThis research was conducted by using the method of cross-sectional survey.Totally 315 nursing undergraduates were investigated with the general information questionnaire,Professional Identity Scale,General Self-Efficacy Scale(GSES)and Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS).The data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Science(SPSS)17.0 software.Means and standard deviations(SD)were presented for continuous variables.Univariate analysis was performed by t-test and one-way ANOVA,the multivariate analysis was adopted by multiple regression analysis and related factors was conducted by Pearson correlation analysis,the mediation effect of inspection intermediary effect of using Zhong-Lin Wen summary method.Results1 The status of professional identity among nursing undergraduates during clinical practiceThe total score of professional identity was(104.66±15.74),the professional identity of nursing undergraduates during clinical practice was in the middle level,and the scores of the five dimensions from low to high in turns were listed as follows: professional cognitive evaluation(3.29±0.64),professional networking skills(3.31±0.61),professional setback coping(3.63±0.54),professional self-reflection(3.69±0.62),and professional social support(3.71±0.56).2 The single factor analysis of professional identityThe results of showed that an only child or not,whether to enter oneself for an examination professional college entrance examination first choice,have experience in hospital,during the period of school for part-time work experience and want to work after graduation(P<0.05).The study showed that an only child and Nursing is the university entrance exam the first volunteer,or have experience in hospital,after graduation to continue to work in the clinical or choose one's deceased father grind continues to pursue advanced studies had higher professional identity scores.3 The status of self-efficacy and social supportThe score of self-efficacy was(24.80±5.19),lower than the international norm value and the difference has statistical significance(t=-15.94,P<0.001).The family support score was(22.02±3.80);the friend support score was(21.97±3.71);others support score was(20.74±3.77);and the total score of perceived social support was(64.72±10.03);the perceived social support of nursing undergraduates during clinical practice was in the middle level.4 The relationship between professional identity and self-efficacy and social supportThe conclusion from the Pearson correlation analysis results was that there was a positive correlation between the scores of professional identity and self-efficacy,correlation coefficient r=0.540,P<0.01;there was a positive correlation between the scores of professional identity and the perceived social support,correlation coefficient r=0.365,P<0.01.5 The multivariate regression analysis of professional identityWith professional identity as the dependent variable,significant variables of single factor analysis self-efficacy and perceived social support as the independent variable,to make multivariate stepwise regression analysis,the results of the multivariate regression analysis showed that the self-efficacy,after graduation to continue to work in the clinical,other cooperation and have experience in hospital were influencing factors of professional identity.6 Self-efficacy in understanding intermediary role between social support and professional identitySelf-efficacy has a significant mediation effect on social support and professional identity,the proportion of the total effect is 32.64%.Conclusions1 Nursing undergraduates' professional identity,self-efficacy and the perceived social support were at a medium level,with professional identity are positively correlated.2 Self-efficacy,want to work in the clinical after graduation,other support,hospitalization experience are the main factors influencing professional identity among nursing undergraduates during early clinical practice.3 Self-efficacy played a mediator role between perceived social support and professional identity.